Altay Sheep Hip Oil And Its Fractionation Products Influence On Gut Health Of Mice

At present,there were few reports on the nutritional characteristics of hip fat of altay sheep,this limits the application of sheep hip fat in the food industry.This experiment takes altay sheep hip fat and its fractionation products as the research object,animal experiments were conducted to simulate the high fat intake of some urban residents in China,comparative analysis of the differences in the effects of altay sheep fat hip and its fractionation products and rapeseed oil on blood lipid metabolism,gut microbiota and its metabolites in mice,the main findings were as follows:(1)With rapeseed oil and the blank group as a control,the effects of altay sheep hip oil and its fractionation products on the growth,organ index and blood lipid changes of mice were studied.The results showed that under the same intake conditions,the intake of altay sheep hip oil and its fractionation products,rapeseed oil intake can cause weight gain in mice,but there is no significant difference between the groups(P>0.05).Altay sheep hip oil fractionation products will increase the plasma LDL-C content in mice,but have no significant effect on the AI index(P>0.05);the intake of HO and 2℃ fractions will increase the HDL-C content,Enhance the body’s ability to catabolize cholesterol..Compared with altay sheep hip oil and its fractionation products,rapeseed oil can reduce the plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol content,but they have no effect on high density lipoprotein cholesterol and AI.The index has no significant effect(P>0.05),there was no significant difference in the liver coefficient of each group,but the coefficient of abdominal oil accumulation in the rapeseed oil group was significantly higher than that of the 2℃ fractionation group,and the abdominal oil coefficient of the 2℃ fractionation product group was lower than that of the HO and 12℃ fractionation product group,2℃ fractionation product group is lower than the original oil group and the 12℃ fractionation product group.Each lipid gavage group has an effect on colon morphology,according to the damage observed by H&E section,the degree of damage to colon tissue caused by the intake of altay sheep hip oil fraction is lower than that of rapeseed oil and sheep hip oil.There was no significant difference in crypt depth between two groups(P>0.05).The length of colon villi in the 2℃ fractionation product group was significantly higher than that of the original oil and 12℃fractionation product groups(P<0.05),indicating that the intake of 2℃ fractionation product is more beneficial for the stability of the colon.(2)Altay sheep hip oil and its fractionation products,as well as rapeseed oil,decreased the content of short-chain fatty acids in the cecum of mice after ingestion,but the decrease in the 2℃ and 12℃fractionation products groups was less than that of the HO and RO groups.Altay sheep hip oil fractionation product is more conducive to maintaining the stability of cecal short-chain fatty acids;after mice ingested altay sheep hip oil and its fractionation products,the bile acid content of the cecum is up-regulated,of which 2℃ fractionation product cecum The secondary bile acids such as deoxycholic acid,ursodeoxycholic acid and hyodeoxycholic acid were significantly higher than those of the other groups(P<0.05),while the content of cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid extracted at 12℃ was significantly higher The product and RO group were separated at 2℃(P<0.05).(3)Using 16 s rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology to detect the gut microbes of altay sheep hip oil and its fractionation products,and rapeseed oil group.It was found that the composition of the gut microbiota of each group was different.After 20 days of feeding the specific OTU numbers of the 2℃fractionation product,the 12℃ fractionation product and the HO group were 10,32 and 24,respectively.The specific OTU numbers of the 2℃ fractionation product,12℃ fractionation product and the HO group after 40 days of rearing Respectively 24,14 and 36,the dominant bacteria in each group are Firmicutes and Bacteroides,but after long-term ingestion,the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the 2℃ fractionation group decreased,and the Bacteroides phylum increased,and the relative abundance of the crude oil and12℃ fractionation products group Firmicutes phylum increased,and the Bacteroides phylum decreased;This shows that the effect of 2℃ on the gut microbiota is different from that of raw oil.After 40 days of feeding,the relative abundance of Akkermansia,Bacteroides and Lactobacillus in 2℃ fractionation products is higher than that of raw oil and 12℃.Extract the product and the oil group.Lipid intake increases the abundance of carbohydrate metabolism,energy metabolism,lipid metabolism and other metabolic pathways,which may be the result of the effect of lipid intake on the flora and the change of related functional genes.