Synthesis,Properties,and Interaction Mechanisms Of Novel Polycarboxylate Gel Water-Purification Materials

Aiming at effective,economical and environmentally friendly purification of copper-containing wastewater,in this thesis,economical and non-toxic polycarboxylate skeleton is selected as the basic material for the synthesis of a series of functional polycarboxylate gel water purification materials through systematic regulation of the micro-crosslinking reaction.This thesis conducts in-depth discussion on the mechanism of the polycarboxylate gel material in the "renewable treatment" of copper-containing wastewater,proposes a new theory-based explanation,and performed systematic fundamental research on the subject of "the synthesis,properties and mechanism of new polycarboxylate gel water purification materials".The specific research content is elaborated in the following aspects:1.Synthesis,properties and mechanism of high-density crosslinking polycarboxylate gel material.A high-density cross-linking polycarboxylate gel material is obtained(PAG)from multi-dimensional high-density cross-linking copolymerization with a strong cross-linking monomer triallyl methyl ammonium chloride(TAMAC)and acrylic acid(AA)as the basic materials.Compared with similar products reported in literature,PAG has higher water purification performance in the treatment of copper-containing wastewater based on a new "swelling-shrinking-association" synergistic mechanism,with an adsorption capacity for heavy metal copper in water of 222.22 mg/g.In addition,efficient recycling of PAG waste residue can be achieved through the acid treatment technology,with a desorption rate of adsorbed copper of 98.12%.In addition,the re-adsorption capacity of regenerated PAG for copper can reach 218.34mg/g,almost the same with the initial PAG adsorption capacity.2.Synthesis,properties and function mechanism of high-expansibility polycarboxylate gel materialA new type of high-expansibility polycarboxylate gel material(EPCG)is obtained unexpectedly from the cross-linking copolymerization with a strong-polarity cross-linking monomer 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methyldiallyl ammonium chloride(CMDA)and acrylic acid(AA)as the basic materials.When adopted in copper-containing wastewater treatment,the immersed volume of EPCG in water can rapidly expand 29.44 times while generating highly environmental response effects,including "expansion-shrinkage" effect,"alkali coating" effect,and "acid desorption" effect,etc.The "expansion-shrinkage" adsorption effect can improve the adsorption rate,capacity and strength of EPCG for copper in water,with an adsorption capacity of 261.70 mg/g,higher than the initial PAG product.A new type of EPCG-coated-Na OH composite water purification material with stronger water purification ability is obtained in virtue of the alkali coating effect and the "acid desorption" effect is conductive to realizing efficient recycling of EPCG waste residue.The results show that the desorption rate of adsorbed copper in EPCG waste residue is99.39%,and the adsorption capacity of regenerated EPCG for copper is 259.05 mg/g,almost the same with the initial EPCG adsorption capacity level.3.Synthesis,properties and function mechanism of the ring-opening cross-linking polycarboxylate gel-alkali composite water purification materialA ring-opening cross-linking polycarboxylate gel skeleton(ROPCG)is established through a new reaction process of "pre-polymerization and crosslinking" with a reactive heterocyclic cationic monomer(DHAC)and acrylic acid(AA)as basic raw materials.At the same time,an in-situ coating effect is created for 100% coating of Na OH in the solution system and an efficient ROPCG-Na OH composite water purification material is obtained.The results show that for copper-containing wastewater treatment,the unit mass of ROPCG-Na OH material can eliminate divalent copper ions with a mass of 384.62 mg/g,with a better water purification effect than that of the initial products(PAG,EPCG and EPCG-coated-Na OH material).In addition,the waste residue of ROPCG-Na OH material can be regenerated into available ROPCG adsorbent.The copper adsorption capacity of the regenerated ROPCG adsorbent is 274.86 mg/g,approximate to that of the initial ROPCG skeleton(276.32 mg/g),with a repeated regeneration rate of 99.47%.In conclusion,it is hoped that above basic research will provide a certain technical theoretical basis for the efficient,economic,green and "renewable" treatment of copper-containing wastewater.