Research On The Impact Of Large-scale Desert Photovoltaic Development On Local Microclimate,Soil And Vegetation

At present,the energy structure of the world is changing drastically,Traditional fossil energy has serious pollution,limited reserves,and lack of sustainability.Therefore,the use of clean energy represented by photovoltaics has become a hot spot of public concern.The development of solar photovoltaic power generation is change daily.When it comes to growth and construction,environmental issues are getting the attention of many.In this paper,the Qinghai Gonghe photovoltaic power station is used as the research area,using the field ecological environment element monitoring station chief sequence data to analyze the change characteristics of the local microclimate and soil environment inside and o utside of the photovoltaic system,determine the effects of the construction of-the photovoltaic system on environmental factors;use supervision classification and Quantitative remote sensing inversion algorithm analyzes the temporal and spatial heterogeneity characteristics of vegetation coverage before and after station construction,comprehensively evaluates the vegetation restoration effect of photovoltaic power station construction,and provides a reference for the rational development of solar energy and the construction of photovoltaic power stations.The important conclusions of this article are as follows:(1)Using the observation data of the three field ecological environment element monitoring stations from 2019 to 2020,comparative analysis of the change characteristics of the climate environment inside and outside the Gonghe photovoltaic power station,preliminary reveals the local microclimate effect of photovoltaic development,the results show that:①The photovoltaic power station has a certain degree of "photovoltaic heat island effect" in the spring and summer during the day."It has a "self-cooling mechanism" in the autumn and winter during the day and the four seasons at night.The cooling effect at night is more obvious,so it appears that photovoltaic power plants can reduce the average daily temperature and increase the daily temperature difference.②Photovoltaic power plants have a dehumidification effect in the spring and summer during the day,and they have a humidification effect during the day in autumn and winter and at night in all seasons.The effect of humidification at night is more obvious,so it appears that photovoltaic power plants can increase air humidity(except for the dehumidification effect in the transitional area in summer),and increasing air humidity is worse every day.③The photovoltaic power station has the effect of blocking wind and sand.The wind speed at the station is low and the wind speed is also low,but the wind speed outside the station is high and the wind direction is very difficult.Photovoltaic power plants have a strong wind-proof effect in all seasons,that is,they can reduce wind speed and have a more obvious wind-proof effect at night.(2)Using the observation data of three field ecological environment element monitoring stations from 2019 to 2020,comparative analysis of the change characteristics of the soil environment inside and outside the Gonghe photovoltaic power station,preliminary revealed the local soil effect of photovoltaic development,the results show that:① Photovoltaic power plants provide thermal insulation and protection,and has a greater impact on shallow soil.Big.The specific performance is:in the three seasons of spring,summer and autumn,the photovoltaic power station can reduce the soil temperature,and in winter,the photovoltaic power station has a certain thermal insulation effect.②Photovoltaic power plants have the effect of water retention and humidification,and have a greater impact on shallow soils.The specific performance is as follows:the soil moisture in the photovoltaic power station is obviously greater than that in the transition zone and outside the station,and the difference in soil moisture between the transition zone and outside the station is small.(3)Using the Landsat satellite remote sensing data of the Gonghe photovoltaic power station in the past 10 years,a comparative analysis of the change characteristics of the vegetation coverage before and after the construction of the photovoltaic power station was used to initially reveal the local vegetation restoration effect of photovoltaic development.The specific performance is as follows:The vegetation coverage of the entire study area has shown a relatively stable growth trend since the establishment of the photovoltaic power station,which is completely different from the annual decrease in the vegetation coverage of the study area before the construction of the station.This shows that after the completion of the photovoltaic power station,the human interference on the ground surface has been reduced,the condition of the local environment at the station has improved and the vegetation cover in the study area has increased,which is conducive to the recovery of natural plants.