Evaluation Of The Effectiveness Of Ecological Protection And Restoration In Liaohe River Conservation Area

With the implementation of sustainable development strategy,the establishment of nature reserves is one of the important measures to strengthen the construction of ecological environment and realize the coordinated development of regional economy,society and environment.Carry out ecological protection and restoration effect on reserve evaluation,can understand the human activities and climate change under the regional ecological environment change rule and the degree of protection benefit,the evaluation of reserves is the base of reserve project planning and management,the countermeasures for ecological protection,improve reserve ecological effect,optimize the layout of the reserve macro strategy is of great significance.In this study,Liaohe River Nature Reserve was selected as the study area.By systematically summarizing the domestic and foreign effectiveness evaluation systems and combining with the ecological protection objectives of Liaohe River Nature Reserve,the effectiveness evaluation system of ecological protection and restoration in Liaohe River Nature Reserve was comprehensively constructed.Using geographic information system(GIS)technology and remote sensing technology,the ecological monitoring and evaluation database of Liaohe Nature Reserve was constructed and the evaluation model was used to estimate and evaluate the effect of ecological protection and restoration in Liaohe Nature Reserve.Meteorological factors and ecological engineering measures were used to analyze the ecological driving factors of the reserve,and the policy suggestions on ecological protection planning,management and implementation based on the analysis result were put forward.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Liaohe have set up reserve for 18 years,through analyzing the Liaohe area ecosystem structure,the structure of ecosystem is gradually perfect.Before establishing reserve,the ecological system is mainly constituted of cultivated land,wetland and water.After that,the area of grassland,forest land ecological system is markedly increased and the cultivated land area in large scale reduction.Ecosystem structure change index in 2010-2013,2013-2015,2015-2018 was respectively assessed 6.55,5.95 and 5.15,which is obviously better-weak turn good turn-weak trend.This indicates that the ecological system structure of the reserve has improved significantly from 2010 to 2018,and the ecological protection policies,such as returning farmland and sealing off breeding,have achieved significant results.(2)Based on the analysis of ecosystem quality in Liaohe Nature Reserve,the vegetation coverage showed an increasing trend from 2000 to2009,while the vegetation coverage showed a fluctuating decreasing trend from 2011 to 2018.Vegetation degradation index obvious recovery during2010-2018-a significant degradation-mild upturn in 2015 as the reserve status of the worst year since the establishment of vegetation,vegetation status transformation direction in 2015,shows that ecosystem degradation trend got preliminary control,according to the transfer of land cover class index was 55.87 in 2010-2013,2013-2015,14.75,13.19,2015-2018 index types from falling mainly to give priority to with rose and stable,that Liaohe ecosystem reserve status showed a trend of obvious improvement.Through the comprehensive assessment of the ecosystem quality in Liaohe Nature Reserve,it showed a trend of significantly getting better-weakly getting worse and obviously getting better.(3)Based on the analysis of the main ecosystem services in Liaohe River Nature Reserve,the water conservation services showed an increasing trend;Soil conservation capacity showed an increasing trend,ecosystem carbon sequestration services showed an increasing trend,and the total energy of species conservation showed an increasing trend year by year.the ecosystem service function of the Liaohe River Nature Reserve showed an improving trend during the period of the establishment of the Liaohe River Nature Reserve from 2010 to 2018 by analyzing the index of ecosystem service function change.(4)The ecological conditions of the key ecological construction projects are improved.Through the analysis of the effectiveness of the key ecological projects,the water conservation capacity,soil conservation capacity,ecosystem carbon sequestration and species conservation capacity of the converted farmland and enclosed cultivation areas are significantly improved compared with those of the non-converted farmland and enclosed cultivation areas.From 2010 to 2018,the main ecosystem service capacity of the wetland project showed an increasing trend year by year.After the establishment of Liaohe River Nature Reserve,the regional ecosystem showed an overall improving trend.