Study On The Effect Of Different Water And Soil Conservation Measures On Eco-environmental Improvement In Zipeng Mountain Area

With the continuous development of industry and agriculture in the Chaohu Lake region,a large number of nutrients flowed into the water,causing serious pollution of Chaohu Lake.At present,the point source pollution problems have been effectively solved because of the scientific researches and policies of government.In addition,non-point source pollution has gradually become an important part of influencing the water quality of Chaohu Lake.In the migration process,the sediment is considered as a nutrient carrier,resulting in the eutrophication of the water,which affects the normal life and work of humanity.Zipeng Mountain area is located in the watershed between Yangtse River and Huai River,which is the source of the main branches of Chaohu Lake-Pai River.Thus,the water quality of this area would have a profound impact on Chaohu Lake.The local people destroyed the original slope condition for income with traditional method,making the bare surface of land.Nowadays,the project of leading water from Yangtze to Huaihe River and the Action Plan for Water Pollution Prevention and Control call for higher water quality standards.Therefore,it is a very urgent and necessary task to solve the problem of soil erosion in Zipeng Mountain area.The research,choosing Zipeng Mountain area as the study site,is aimed to prenvent the pollution of non-point source in the seminary of Pai River,and improve the local water conservation capacity.Besides,the research is expected to provide some new technical basis and practical references for other slope land in Chaohu Lake region.In this article,different farming methods,hedgerow and straw mulching treatment and Edible fungus intercroping woods model combined with slope surface modification treatment were setted to explore the economic and ecological impacts in this area.We gained some results as follows:(1)Edible fungus intercroping woods model combined with slope surface modification treatments can effectively reduce the content of SS,TN and TP in runoff.The reduction effect of the combination treatment of Edible fungus intercroping woods model combined with slope surface modification is better than that the single.At the same time,plant mushroom under forest can can effectively improve soil properties,drop soil bulk density,and raise the contents of the organic,total nitrogen and total phosphorus in soil.The improvement of slope surface modification on soil fertility was not obvious.(2)Plant hedgerows with straw mulching under forest(PHS)was more effective in reducing the SS,TN and TP contents in runoff than plant hedgerows(PH)and straw mulching(SM),shows the tendency of PHS> PH>SM.Compared with CK,the soil improvement effect between PHS and SM was similar,both of which apparently lowered soil bulk density in the0-20 cm soil layer,and meanwhile heighten the soil p H and the content of soil organic matter and total nitrogen.But there is no obvious distance in p H value,soil bulk density,organic matter and total nitrogen contents between PH and CK.Also,there was no apprent difference in soil total phosphorus content between the 3 treatments.(3)Compared with continuous cropping of maize,maize-mushroom intercropping and maize-sweet potato relay-intercropping could effectively reduce the content of SS and control the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus.Maize-mushroom intercropping and maize-sweet potato relay-intercropping can also reduce the soil bulk density,increase soil saturated water content,field water hoding capacity and soil porosity.These measures also can improve the proportion of clay and silt,enhance the soil texture structure and increase crop growth performance.