Study On The Extraction And Preparation Of The Functional Components Of Momordica Charantia And The Inhibition Of α-amylase And α-glucosidase

In this paper,using momordica charantia as raw material,the technology and parameters of ultrasonic and enzyme-assisted ethanol extraction of flavonoids and saponins from momordica charantia were studied,and the inhibitory effect of momordica charantia extract on the activities of α-glucosidase and α-amylase was studied.The results are as follows:The main results are as follows:(1)using ethanol as extraction solvent,momordica charantia tablets were treated by hot air drying and vacuum freeze drying,respectively,and the contents of flavonoids and total saponins in momordica charantia tablets were analyzed and compared.The auxiliary process parameters of ultrasonic extraction were optimized.the optimized extraction conditions were as follows:75%ethanol as solvent,ultrasonic power 153 W,time 60 min,material-liquid ratio 1:30;freeze-drying conditions:60%ethanol as solvent,ultrasonic power 162 W,time 25 min,material-to-liquid ratio 1:32.The contents of flavonoids in momordica charantia tablets were as follows:vacuum freeze drying(8.772 mg/g)and hot air drying(1.579 mg/g).The contents of saponins in balsam pear were as follows:vacuum freeze drying(4.933 mg/g)and hot air drying(0.943 mg/g).The contents of flavonoids and saponins in momordica charantia tablets extracted by freeze-drying were significantly higher than those extracted from hot-air dried momordica charantia tablets.(2)Ultrasonic coenzyme combined with enzymatic hydrolysis of momordica charantia tablets was selected to optimize the technological conditions for the extraction of functional components from momordica charantia tablets,so as to improve the extraction amount of flavonoids and saponins from momordica charantia tablets.In order to make full use of the functional components of momordica charantia,to provide a certain theoretical basis and guidance.The results showed that when the addition of Pectinase was 0.02%,the hydrolysis time was 120 min,the extraction temperature was 44℃,the ratio of material to liquid was 1:5,and the pH value was 4.8,the extraction contents of total flavonoids and saponins in momordica charantia tablets were the highest,which were 5.714 mg/g and 3.187 mg/g,respectively.(3)Momordica charantia extract could inhibit the activities of α-glucosidase and a-amylase,and the inhibition rate increased with the increase of the concentration of momordica charantia extract.Among them,the inhibition ofα-glucosidase by momordica charantia freeze-dried powder prepared by vacuum freeze-drying belongs to non-competitive inhibition,which is close to that of acarbose.Therefore,the inhibition of momordica charantia extract on α-amylase activity was much weaker than that of acarbose.