Study On Preparation Of Water Soluble Fertilizer For Fruit Trees And Its Fertilization Methods

In this paper,according to the law of fertilizer demand of fruit trees and the physical and chemical properties of orchard soil,the preparation,fertilization method and application effect of new water-soluble fertilizer suitable for fruit trees were studied,and the effects of spraying and drip irrigation of water-soluble fertilizer on fruit quality were investigated.Isothermal solution equilibrium method was used to study the phase equilibrium relations of Mn SO₄,Fe SO₄,Mg SO₄ and H₂O systems at p H of 2.1 and 3.1 respectively at 0℃,10℃and 25℃,and the equilibrium phase diagram of Mn SO₄-Fe SO₄-H₂O system was drawn by using Origin software.Matlab software was used to draw the equilibrium phase diagram of Mn SO₄-Fe SO₄-Mg SO₄-H₂O system,and according to the agricultural industry standards and the physical significance of phase diagram points,lines and surfaces,the formula area of liquid water-soluble fertilizer and the calculation method of formula fertilizer raw materials were analyzed.The drip irrigation device suitable for fruit trees was designed,which adopted the method of preventing solid clogging inside the filter net and preventing soil clogging outside the isolation plate,and adopted the method of controlling flow at the same time by main and branch channels to adjust the drip irrigation rate of fertilizer liquid.The device included the liquid storage system,the flow diversion system and the drip irrigation system,each system could be self-assembled,and the hose connection between the systems was convenient to install.The soil fertility of Xinjiang Pishan jujube plantation and Anhui Dangshan pear plantation were analyzed.Leaf spraying of Pishan jujube and drip fertilization of Dangshan pear root were carried out.The results showed that the water-soluble fertilizer containing Mg,Mn and Fe could increase the soluble sugar content by 27.88%,reduce the total acid content by 32.90%and increase the soluble solid content by 6.53%.Water soluble fertilizer containing Mg,Mn,Fe and other elements could increase single fruit weight,water content,catalase,hardness,soluble solids,soluble sugars and ascorbic acid contents by 32.13%,2.47%,20.0%,13.16%,16.96%,29.27%,41.36%,respectively.The total acid content decreased by 36.36%on average,and the quality of crisp pear was improved greatly.