Establishment Of Environmental Health Index System And Comprehensive Risk Assessment Of Environmental Health In Liaoning Province

Objective:Select representative indicators to build a comprehensive environmental health risk indicator system in Liaoning Province,estimate the comprehensive environmental health risks of cities in Liaoning Province from 2013 to 2018,understand the comprehensive risk distribution of cities in Liaoning Province,and analyze the risk pressure,risk status,The regional differences and characteristics of risk response are designed to provide a scientific basis for decision-making departments to formulate environmental health related policies and environmental health classification management.Methods:This study uses group discussion and expert consultation methods to construct a comprehensive environmental health risk index system,and uses Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP）to determine the weight of each indicator.The comprehensive index method is used to calculate the comprehensive environmental health risk index of various regions in Liaoning Province.Results The minimum deviation square sum systematic clustering method（Ward method）was used for cluster analysis,and the Jenks natural discontinuity method was used to classify the comprehensive risk of environmental health in Liaoning Province.Excel 2010 was used to collect and sort the original data and enter the questionnaire data,the analytic hierarchy software Yaahp 12.0 was used to calculate the weight of each indicator,Arc GIS 10.2 was used to analyze and process map-related data,and SPSS 25.0 was used for cluster analysis.Results:1.Based on the overall idea of the"Pressure-State-Response"model（PSR）,a comprehensive risk assessment index system for environmental health in Liaoning Province has been constructed,which includes 3 categories and a total of 26 indicators.The weights of risk pressure indicators,risk status indicators,and risk response indicators are 0.3799、0.2770、and 0.3431 respectively.In the pressure indicators,waste water emissions per unit area,industrial waste gas emissions per unit area,industrial sulfur dioxide emissions per unit area,and industrial nitrogen oxidation per unit area The weight of indicators such as the amount of chemical emissions is relatively large;the proportion of air quality reaching or better than Grade II,the annual average concentration of PM_2.5,and the comprehensive air quality index in the current indicators have a relatively large weight;the corresponding indicators include urban and rural residents Residents’per capita disposable income and fiscal medical and health expenditure account for a larger proportion of GDP.2.From 2013 to 2018,Dandong City has the lowest comprehensive environmental health risk,Anshan City has the largest comprehensive environmental health risk from 2013 to 2016,and Yingkou City has the largest comprehensive environmental health risk from 2017 to 2018.3.According to the Jenks evaluation grade standard,the comprehensive environmental health risks of cities in Liaoning Province are divided into 5 grades.Among them,Dandong was classified as low-risk areas in 2013-2014,and Anshan was in high-risk areas;Chaoyang and Dandong were classified as low-risk areas in 2015,and Yingkou and Anshan were in high-risk areas;2016-2018 The annual grades are divided into low-risk areas in Dandong,and high-risk areas in Yingkou and Anshan;4.Based on the cluster analysis of risk pressure index,risk status index and risk response index,the comprehensive environmental health risks of Liaoning Province are divided into five types,（1）High risk pressure,poor risk status,strong risk response capabilities,representative cities such as Shenyang;（2）High risk pressure,poor risk status,and weak risk response capabilities,representative cities such as Anshan;（3）Risk pressure Large,good risk status,strong risk response capabilities,representative cities such as Dalian and Panjin;（4）Low risk pressure,good risk status,average risk response capabilities,representative cities such as Dandong;（5）Low risk pressure,current risk status Poor,weak risk response ability,representative cities such as Fushun,Jinzhou,Huludao.Conclusion:1.The environmental health comprehensive risk assessment index system established in this study has a good application effect and provides new ideas for exploring the multi-element comprehensive risk assessment of the regional environment;2.The comprehensive environmental health risk index reflects the environmental health risk situation,the higher the comprehensive risk index,The greater the environmental health risk;on the contrary,the lower the environmental health risk;3.The comprehensive environmental health risk of particularly developed and underdeveloped regions is relatively low,and the comprehensive environmental health risk of more developed regions is higher,which conforms to the environmental Kuznets curve.4.Through cluster analysis,the cities in Liaoning Province are divided into 5 categories.The clustering results are relatively ideal,and the characteristics of each type are significant,which verifies the scientific,representative and comparability of the index selection,and provides classified management of regional environmental health risks,Formulate targeted policies to provide scientific basis.