Theoretical And Experimental Study On The Design Of Flying Anchor For Active Removal Of Large Space Debris

According to the Kessler effect,the amount of debris in space will increase slowly and inevitably.Active space debris removal technology is the fundamental way to solve the threat of space debris.Therefore,this paper proposes a new method to remove large space debris by grabbing and dragging devris using the fly anchor.This paper completed the overall system design of the fly anchor,carried out theoretical and experimental research on the two key problems of penetration and anchoring of large space debris,and designed the structure and key parameters of the fly anchor in detail according to the proposed theoretical model.Firstly,the overall structure,electrical system and debris recovery process of the fly anchor system are designed.The whole structure of fly anchor system includes fly anchor body,launching structure,winding structure,debris recovery structure and fly anchor positioning recovery structure.The dynamic analysis of the key structure is carried out by using ADAMS software,and its function is verified to meet the design requirements.Then,the penetration theory is studied by theoretical modeling and numerical calculation.According to the actual failure structure of target plate after vertical penetration and oblique penetration,the theoretical structure model of target plate failure is established,including vertical penetration and oblique penetration.The main energy consumption of target deformation is attributed to the plastic deformation energy of cylinder wall,petal bending energy and petal tearing energy.The residual velocity is calculated by the principle of energy conservation.The penetration theoretical model is verified and improved by numerical calculation using ANSYS.At the same time,the influence of the anchor’s half cone angle on the fracture stress is introduced into the theoretical model of vertical / oblique penetration,and the relationship between the angle change of the anchor’s movement direction and the incident angle is introduced into the theoretical model of oblique penetration.The penetration theory model is extended to multi-layer target penetration and microgravity penetration.Taking the parameters of anchor body and target plate as input and the energy consumption of penetration as output,the neural network is used to train the data,which proves that the neural network can accurately predict the energy consumption of penetration.The anchoring theory is studied by theoretical modeling method.Based on the penetration failure structure,the theoretical structure model of anchoring failure is established according to the actual structure of the target plate and the observation of the anchoring failure process.It is assumed that the energy consumption of the target plate anchoring failure is composed of the whole bending deformation energy and the target plate tearing energy.The maximum anchoring force of the target is calculated by the principle of energy conservation.According to the requirements of using environment,a kind of fly anchor body structure without built-in power source,simple structure and repeatable deformation is designed.Its dynamic analysis and physical verification are carried out,and the structure is reasonable;Based on the theory of penetration and anchoring,the key structural parameters of the fly anchor body are designed,including the half cone angle of the anchor body,the diameter of the anchor body,the number of barbs in the anchoring structure,the cross-sectional area of the barbs and the unfolding length of the barbs.Finally,the theoretical model of penetration and anchoring is verified by ground experiments.The penetration experiments of vertical,oblique,multi-layer target and various target materials and the anchoring experiments of various target materials are carried out.The error between the theoretical calculation results and the experimental results is less than 15%,which proves the correctness of the theoretical model.