Study On The Supply And Demand Of Ecosystem Services And The Construction Of Ecological Security Pattern In Rural Water Network In Southern Jiangsu

Ecosystem service is the basis of maintaining the operation of the earth’s natural system and human survival,and its supply capacity directly affects the level of regional development.Rural is a regional complex which covers the natural and social characteristics and has the functions of ecology,production and life.As an important space carrier,its natural ecological environment is the basis of social and economic development.The countryside not only contains the ecological function and process possessed by the natural ecosystem,but also reflects the distinct impact of human survival and other activities.It interacts and infiltrates with the development of cities and towns.The rural areas in southern Jiangsu are located in the leading area of economic development in southern Jiangsu.The water network of rural areas in southern Jiangsu is dense,with unique water environment Habitat and efficient ecosystem services.However,with the development of economy and the expansion of cities and towns,the imbalance of rural development in southern Jiangsu has become increasingly prominent,which is embodied in the imbalance of ecosystem services and human demand for ecosystem services,and the fracture of energy flow,material flow and other service flows.Under the background of rapid development,the ecological space of the region is facing unprecedented impact,and the pace of development of rural areas is gradually inconsistent.Ecological security pattern has been recognized as a spatial pattern that can effectively control and improve the ecological environment,maintain biodiversity and maintain the integrity of the ecosystem.Through the construction of rural ecological security pattern,we can combine the landscape pattern space and ecological process,identify the key ecological patches,corridors and networks that help to maintain the important ecological process,optimize the ecosystem structure and maintain the integrity of ecological process,which is an important way to realize the sustainable development of rural ecology and economy.This paper selects the water network villages in southern Jiangsu Province as the research object,following the idea of "theoretical research status quo analysis supply and demand evaluation problem exploration ecological security pattern construction Empirical Research induction and summary" : on the basis of theoretical analysis and status quo investigation,evaluate the supply and demand of ecosystem services;This paper clarifies the problems that may exist in the supply and demand of ecosystem services,and puts forward the ways to construct the ecological security pattern from the perspective of the supply and demand of ecosystem services.(1)Based on the analysis of the current situation of rural areas and combined with field research,this paper summarizes the characteristics of the ecological pattern,the ecological problems and the supply and demand of ecosystem services.On this basis,the theory of supply and demand of ecosystem services is combined with the construction of rural ecological security pattern of water network,and through the research of relevant basic theory content,the theoretical basis is provided for the construction of rural ecological security pattern of water network.(2)Water network rural land use types are mainly water area and cultivated land,with good vegetation coverage,providing a variety of ecosystem services for human beings.In view of the natural geographical characteristics of cultivated land,water body,soil and biodiversity which play a key role in the overall ecological environment in water network rural areas,this paper selects four ecosystem service supply indicators of "water conservation","food supply","soil conservation" and "biodiversity maintenance",and uses invest model to select the corresponding modules for spatial analysis and evaluation.Through the weighted superposition comprehensive evaluation of ecosystem service supply,the spatial heterogeneity of ecosystem service supply is analyzed,and the important regions of ecosystem service supply are identified.Taking full account of the human demand for ecological land,three social indicators of "population density","economic density" and "degree of land use and development" are selected to represent the demand for ecosystem services,and each demand indicator is spatially expressed.The spatial heterogeneity of ecosystem service demand was analyzed by weighted superposition comprehensive evaluation.(3)From the coupling coordination analysis of ecosystem service supply and demand to supply and demand matching,this paper evaluates the supply and demand relationship of water network rural ecosystem services,analyzes the imbalance between supply and demand and the matching between supply and demand,and identifies the areas with low supply and high demand,high supply and high demand,low supply and low demand,and low supply and high demand.(4)Based on the analysis of the relationship between supply and demand of ecosystem services,the important ecological sources were identified by combining the supply and demand of ecosystem services;Using MCR(minimum cumulative resistance)model and integrating the supply and demand of ecosystem services,the ecological corridors and ecological nodes were extracted,and the regional ecological security pattern was constructed.In order to improve the imbalance between supply and demand in some rural areas,balance the supply and demand of ecosystem services in different areas,and coordinate and promote the development of ecological protection and rural construction space,To lay a solid foundation for the allocation and coordination of rural natural resources,and ultimately achieve the goal of sustainable development of rural ecological space and construction space.(5)Based on the case study of white clam Lake area in Wujiang,the construction of ecological security pattern based on the supply and demand of ecosystem services was further deepened and discussed.