Research On Expressway Emergency Rescue Decision Support System Based On Situation Awareness And GIS

In recent years,in order to implement the strategic deployment of a strong transportation country,many provinces and cities across the country have successively carried out pilot projects for building a strong transportation country.Among them,the informatization and intelligent upgrading of highways is the "pioneer" to comprehensively promote the construction of a strong transportation country,and a series of preliminary projects have been achieved.The establishment of a highway emergency rescue decision support system can strengthen the realtime risk perception before the accident,and optimize the resource scheduling and path planning after the accident.This is of great significance for reducing the occurrence of highway accidents and improving the service level.Regarding the risk perception before the accident,the paper is guided by Situation Awareness(SA)theory.Through literature research and Berkeley TIMS crash data analysis,the highway risk factors are summarized and summarized.Then an indicator system for 29 items in 5 dimensions,including traffic,weather,roads,geological disasters,and dangerous goods transportation vehicles,which are suitable for multi-dimensional situational awareness risk assessment of highways,has been determined.On this basis,the weight coefficient of the multidimensional index system was calculated based on the analytic hierarchy process,and the highway risk evaluation model was established.According to the Berkeley TIMS crash data,the calculation and analysis of the risk assessment were completed,and the feasibility of the model was verified.Then,based on the calculation results of the model,the early warning level of the highway risk status was divided.The paper discusses the application scenarios of GIS technology in the highway decisionmaking system.Before the accident,a big data screen based on GIS can be established to realize dynamic analysis of GIS maps,risk indicator monitoring and data statistics.Through the visual analysis function of GIS,the multi-dimensional risk degree of the road section can be displayed according to the calculation result of the risk assessment model.Once the accident happens,the scope of the incident is determined based on multi-ring buffer analysis of GIS,then after the analysis of the rescue process,the network analysis module of GIS is applied to carry out an example analysis of the emergency rescue process.Through the research on the structure and function design of highway management systems at home and abroad and according to the demand investigation of highway decisionmaking system,the structure design and six functional modules of the GIS-based highway decision support system are determined with the goal of all-element perception and emergency rescue.The function of each module is explained,and the system development is introduced in detail.Finally,for emergency rescue after an accident,the paper proposes an emergency rescue path planning model based on Arc GIS network analysis and Model Builder tools,and selects some sections of the Deshang Expressway for road infrastructure digitization.The accident rescue scheduling simulation was carried out for single-point accidents and multiple-point accidents,which provided a reference for further optimizing the emergency rescue scheduling and linkage mechanism.