Study On The Influence Of Environmental Regulation On Regional Employment ——Based On The Perspective Of Heterogeneous Labor Force

In recent years,China’s economy has grown rapidly,but it has also paid a heavy price.All kinds of environmental problems loom large,air pollution,desertification,biodiversity decrease problems such as not only not conducive to the sustainable development of our country,but also to people’s normal life and health of body and mind brings many negative effects,it has to do with the "difference" in planning put forward the concept of "green development" and "the good life is to meet people’s increasing need for fundamental purpose".To this end,China has made a lot of efforts in environmental governance,gradually improving the environmental regulation policy system,increasing the intensity of pollution emission supervision,and increasing the intensity of environmental regulation.However,pollution-intensive enterprises are mainly concentrated in industrial industries,and the implementation of environmental regulation policies will inevitably have an impact on the employment of labor forces in these industries.At the present stage,China is not only shouldering the arduous task of reducing the number of unemployed,but also facing employment problems such as "employment difficulty" and "employment shortage".Can China achieve the double dividend of environmental regulation and employment?According to the years of education,the labor force is divided into high,medium and low skilled labor force,and the impact of environmental regulations on regional employment scale and employment of heterogeneous labor force is explored.The relationship between environmental regulation and employment scale was deduced by using the Cochrane production function,and the direct effect and mediating effect of environmental regulation on employment of heterogeneous labor were analyzed theoretically.Meanwhile,the provincial panel data and mediating effect model from 2004 to 2016 were used for empirical test.The results show that :（1）The strengthening of environmental regulation is conducive to the expansion of employment scale in China,and environmental regulation indirectly promotes employment through the upgrading of regional industrial structure.However,the industrial transfer effect of environmental regulation significantly reduces the employment level of labor force in the transferred regions.（2）On the whole,environmental regulations can promote the employment of regional labor with high and medium skill levels,but inhibit the employment of labor with low skill levels.（3）Environmental regulations can force the upgrading of industrial structure,thus promoting the employment of high and medium skilled labor force in the region,but weakening the employment of low skilled labor force;By promoting the transfer of pollution-intensive industries,environmental regulation has a positive impact on the employment of medium and low skilled labor forces in the regions where the industries are transferred,while the impact on the employment of high skilled labor forces is positive but not significant.According to the research results,the paper puts forward several suggestions,such as adhering to the environmental regulation orientation,increasing various types of education and vocational training,rationally treating the transfer of polluting industries,increasing the proportion of environmental performance in official performance evaluation,and speeding up the improvement of the household registration system.