Preparation Of Titanium Nitride As A Noble Metal Carrier And Study Of Its Performance In Acidic Media

Low-temperature fuel cells（LTFCs）have piqued curiosity as a potential alternative energy conversion device for effective direct chemical to electrical energy conversion.The ultimate type of energy usage in the future world.Hydrogen energy,which is extensively employed as a"fuel,"is a relatively clean secondary energy that may be produced through photolysis,electrolysis,and other methods.The synthesis procedure is straightforward and produces no extra contaminants.However,the slow oxygen reduction reaction（ORR）kinetics at the cathode make this device difficult to popularize and use.Platinum group metal（PGM）catalysts are known to be very efficient catalysts,but their scarcity in the earth’s crust prevents their widespread use in high-cost proton exchange membrane fuel cells（PEMFCs）.The current carriers used to support precious metals are almost all carbon carriers,but under acidity and high current,the carbon carriers have major carbon corrosion difficulties,causing the supported precious metals to fall off and agglomerate,lowering activity and wasting resources.As a result,one of the important technologies for commercializing fuel cells is the development of efficient and stable low-platinum electrocatalysts as well as acid-and corrosion-resistant supports.The physical features of transition metal nitrides（TMNs）,such as hardness,wear resistance,acid and alkali resistance,and superconductivity,influence their suitability for use as supported noble metals in fuel cells.Three distinct morphologies of Ti N were produced in this research,and then Pt was supported by pulse electrodeposition to create three different Ti N@Pt catalysts with various core-shell topologies.The pulse electrodeposition method exposes more Pt to the active areas,allowing the catalyst to perform to its maximum potential.For the first,we used a two-stage synthesis method to create robust dandelion-like carbon-free Ti N@Pt NS catalysts:titanium nitride particles were obtained by nitriding dandelion-like titanium dioxide,and electro-pulse deposition was used to deposit titanium nitride particles on the titanium nitride particles.Pt layer.This chapter describes the creation of a dandelion-like structure of titanium nitride nanospheres that exposes a high number of dendritic structures on the surface and is utilized as a platinum carrier.The catalyst has outstanding mass activity of 0.44 m Aμg_Pt^-1 and specific activity of 0.33 m A cm^-2 at 0.9 V,and it has superior stability than commercial platinum carbon under the same test conditions,retaining the high performance of the original activity after 3000 consecutive acceleration cycles（61.4 percent of the initial value）.The second one created a spherical catalyst that improved the electronic structure of the support by incorporating transition metal Cu,which improved the acidity of noble metal Pt while retaining Ti N’s stability and corrosion resistance.Catalytic performance and stability in oxygen reduction under ambient conditions.The mass activity of Ti_0.9Cu_0.1N@Pt in the methanol oxidation test is 27 times that of commercial platinum carbon.The half-wave potential of commercial Ti_0.9Cu_0.1N@Pt is 50m V higher than that of commercial platinum carbon in the oxygen reduction test,the mass activity of MA is three times that of commercial platinum carbon,and the specific activity of SA is twenty-five times that of commercial platinum carbon.After 6000 rapid cycle tests,the mass activity of commercial platinum carbon decreased by 70%,while Ti_0.9Cu_0.1N@Pt only decreased by 37%.Finally,we developed a filamentous titanium nitride using an electrospinning machine,which has the advantages of a large specific surface area and can easily include transition metals to further increase the catalyst’s performance,ensuring the catalyst’s high performance.Ti_0.95Fe_0.05N@Pt NT has 2.54 times the methanol oxidation performance of commercial platinum carbon in the methanol oxidation test,However,the oxygen reduction performance test is unsatisfactory;this could be because the transition metal doping in this shape is incompatible with the oxygen reduction reaction.