Research On Key Technologies Of Distal Locking Of Interlocking Intramedullary Nail Based On Augmented Reality

The traditional method of intramedullary nail distal locking is to blindly lock the distal nail hole by the doctor under fluoroscopy.This method brings problems such as long radiation exposure time,long positioning time of the distal hole of the intramedullary nail,and low accuracy.Although the existing computer-assisted surgical navigation system can help doctors improve the positioning accuracy of the distal nail hole,it needs to introduce expensive additional tracking equipment in the operating room with a narrow space,disrupt the doctor’s habitual surgical procedure,and fail to provide doctors with drills.Hole-oriented,these disadvantages restrict the existing surgical navigation system into the operating room,it is difficult to be recognized and accepted by most doctors.In response to the above problems,this article combines computer graphics,clinical orthopedics,and augmented reality technology to develop a surgical navigation system with augmented reality based on a mobile C-arm X-ray machine(hereinafter referred to as the Carm),Calibration(including system calibration,image registration,and image fusion)to achieve real-time information enhancement of the intraoperative scene.Aiming at the problems of manual calibration methods in system calibration,a calibration algorithm under video navigation is proposed,which can significantly reduce the radiation exposure during system calibration and greatly shorten the system calibration time.At the same time,based on the realtime detection algorithm of the drill tip,a surgical tool that can be tracked in real time during the operation is provided to provide the doctor with real-time drilling guidance information during the intramedullary nail distal locking operation to assist the doctor to quickly and accurately locate the distal nail hole.And ensure the correct drilling direction to complete the locking of the distal nail hole.Set up a surgical navigation system calibration platform to solve the system calibration accuracy,and compare the advantages and disadvantages of the manual and video navigation calibration algorithms.The experimental results prove that the accuracy of the manual calibration and the video navigation algorithm calibration is not much different,but the algorithm calibration takes less time.,Shooting a small number of X-rays.The accuracy of the real-time detection algorithm of the tip point was set up by setting up an experimental platform for the accuracy of the surgical tool.The experimental error was 1.55 ± 0.55 mm,which was less than the diameter of the intramedullary nail hole 4mm.Establishing a dry bone model experimental platform to verify the effectiveness of the surgical navigation system.In the intramedullary nail distal locking model experiment,usually only 2 X-rays are taken,the drilling time is about 2 minutes,and the operation success rate is 83.3%.The experimental results show that the use of the surgical navigation system and surgical tools in the distal locking of intramedullary nails can effectively reduce radiation exposure,shorten the operation time,and improve the success rate of the operation.Moreover,the surgical navigation system based on the widely used mobile C-arm has low development cost and has a wide application prospect.