Research On The Influencing Factors Of Urban Family Medical And Health Expenditure Under The Background Of Aging

Aging of population,as an inevitable result of economic development of human social,has now become a common difficulty faced by many countries.Our country began to enter the aging society in 2000,and the proportion of the population over 65 in the total population has reached 12.6% by 2019.At the same time,with the rapid development of the economic level and medical services,our country’s medical expenditure has increased rapidly in recent years,and many problems have emerged at the same time.For example,the growth rate of medical expenditure is much greater than the rate of GDP,but its proportion in GDP is lower than the average data of the world.Medical expenditure of the government accounts for a low proportion of total medical expenditure.Medical expenditure level of the urban residents is even lower than most developing countries,etc.At present,the medical development in our country is undertaking many problems,such as the giant amount and the low overall level of medical expenditure,low medical expenditure level and heavy burdens of residents.Therefore,in the context of the development of an aging population,this article explores the influencing factors of residents’ medical expenditure,hoping to provide a reference for the government to actively guide residents to increase their medical expenditure level,and rationally make medical expenditure’s plan or formulate relevant regulations and policies to reduce the medical burden of residents to some extent.Meanwhile,this paper conducts a comparative analysis of the heterogeneity of residents’ medical expenditure in different regions,the east,the middle and the west,and finally proposes targeted countermeasures.It is hoped that in the current situation of aging society,the medical expenditure level of residents in various regions will be promoted synchronously and achieve economic development and common prosperity for different regions eventually.This research first combed and summarized the domestic and foreign literature,and got the main influencing factors of medical expenditure.Based on this,using the Andersen health service utilization model as the theoretical framework,select the old-age dependency ratio,age,gender,marriage,education level,family size,self-rated health status,family per capita income,social medical insurance and the accessibility of medical service,as the analysis index of this article.Secondly,based on the data released by the statistical yearbook,a descriptive statistical analysis of the current situation of our country’s aging tendency of population and medical expenditure is carried out.Then,with the 2017 China Household Finance Survey data,the quantile regression model is used to conduct empirical analysis on the factors affecting the medical expenditure of urban households across the country and the three major regions.It can be concluded that:(1)The old-age dependency ratio,age,family size,self-rated health status,and family income per capita have a significant impact on the medical expenditure of urban households in our country at each quantile.(2)The old-age dependency ratio,family size,family income per capita,and self-rated health status are important influencing factors at each quantile of medical expenditures for the urban family in the eastern,central,and western cities.(3)The old-age dependency ratio has a greater impact on the medical expenditure of urban families in eastern cities,and the effect at the 0.75 quintile is particularly significant.Self-assessed health status has a significant impact on the medical expenditure of urban households in the central region.And what has a profound impact on medical expenditure in western cities is the availability of medical services.Based on the results above,this article puts forward the following recommendations: First,the eastern region should establish an appropriate long-term care system for the elderly as soon as possible to increase its level of medical expenditure.Second,the central region should focus on changing the residents’ medical consumption concepts to improve their medical and health expenditure levels.Third,the western region should speed up economic development and increase residents’ access to medical services,so as to increase the level of residents’ medical expenditure.Fourth,every region should strengthen the health management of the elderly population and actively respond to the advent of the aging era.