The Status And Factors Affecting The Subjective Well-Being Of Chinese Adults Based On The 2018 China Family Panel Studies

Objective:This study analyzes the distribution of Chinese adult residents subjective wellbeing(SWB)based on the 2018 China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),and analyzes the factors that may affect SWB of Chinese adult residents,and this study also focuses on verifying the mediating effect of mental health status on some factors affecting SWB,and then obtains the possible factors affecting SWB under the condition of national sample in China,on the one hand,at the policy level,the conclusions can provide the basis for the formulation of policies;On the other hand,at the implementation level,appropriate public service projects can be provided for residents in a targeted way,so as to improve the overall happiness of residents.Methods:Data used in this study were collected from the Individual Level Questionnaire of the 2018 CFPS project,which collected individual level information on demographic,socioeconomic variables,and health of the respondents using a multi-stage unequal probability system cluster sampling(PPS)method.In this study,CFPS individual questionnaire members aged 16 and above were selected as research objects,with a final sample size of 23,852.SPSS24.0 software was used to screen and sort out the original data,and weighted according to the weight coefficient provided by CFPS.The constituent ratio is used to describe the categorical variable,and the mean value and standard deviation are used to describe the continuous variable;Chi-square test and t test were used to investigate whether the influence of each factor on SWB was statistically significant;The factors with statistical significance in univariate analysis were included into the multivariate binary Logistic regression model for multivariate analysis of SWB;A mediating effect model was constructed based on the existing literature,and the improved cause-andeffect stepwise regression test was used to verify the mediating effect of mental health status as a mediating variable on the relationship between other variables and SWB.The level of statistical significance was P(27)0.05(double side).Results:1.After weighting,70.6% residents have a high SWB.In terms of age distribution,the 16-24 age group is the age group with the largest proportion of high SWB of adult residents in China(80.0%),followed by the ≥65 age group(75.0%),and the 45-54 age group(64.5%)has the lowest proportion.Those living in cities or towns were more likely to feel happy(72.6%)than those living in rural areas(67.6%).As the number of years of education increases,the percentage of people reporting high levels of happiness increases.The proportion of high happiness and the score of self-reported income(On a scale of 1-5,the higher the score,the higher the self-reported income)presented an inverted "U" shaped distribution,and the proportion of high happiness of residents with the score of "4" was the largest(83.0%).Unmarried people had the largest proportion of high SWB,accounting for 73.8%.Those who were married or cohabiting reported high SWB at 71.3%.Among divorced or widowed people,56.3% reported high SWB.2.Logistic regression model showed that age and high happiness presented a "U" shaped distribution,and residents aged 45-54 had the lowest probability of high SWB(OR=0.579;95%CI=0.494-0.678).Compared with residents with more than 13 years of education,residents with 0-6 years of education had a lower SWB(OR=0.745;95%CI=0.604-0.919).The SWB of agricultural workers was lower than that of nonagricultural workers(OR=0.886;95%CI=0.789-0.995).For physical health,residents who rated themselves as average had the least chance of high SWB(OR=0.808;95%CI=0.688-0.950),but overall,residents in better health reported higher levels of SWB than those in less health.In mental health status,compared to residents with CESD20 scores ≥18 on the Epidemiological Research Center Depression Questionnaire,residents with CES-D20 <18 were more likely to rate high SWB(OR=3.022;95%CI=2.630-3.473).For exercise,the SWB of residents who never exercise(0 times/week)was lower than that of residents who regularly exercise(≥4 times/week)(OR=0.798;95% CI=0.717-0.888).Social capital factors are positively correlated with SWB.The probability of obtaining high SWB increases by 1.051 times for each point of social trust,1.519 times for each point of social relationship,and 1.097 times for each point of social status.3.The results of the mediating effect model showed that the mediating effect of physical health status influenced by mental health status on SWB was-0.110,and the mediating effect accounted for 54.19% of the total effect.The mediating effect of social trust influenced by mental health status on SWB was-0.050,and the mediating effect accounted for 17.92% of the total effect.The mediating effect of social relationship on SWB was 0.042 by mental health status,which accounted for 9.46% of the total effect.The mediating effect of social status influenced by mental health status on SWB was0.035,and the mediating effect accounted for 15.70% of the total effect.The mediating effect of physical exercise influenced by mental health status on SWB was 0.030,and the mediating effect accounted for 31.25% of the total effect.Conclusion:1.In 2018,70.6% of adult residents in China had high SWB.2.In addition to gender,there are differences in the distribution of SWB among Chinese adult residents with different age,education level,marital status,residence,self-reported income and job nature.3.Physical health status,mental health status,social trust,social relations,social status,smoking and exercise frequency are the influencing factors of SWB.4.Mental health status had partial mediating effect on the relationship between physical health status,social trust,social relationship,social status and exercise frequency on SWB.