Study On The Influence Factors And Intervention Effect Of Anemia In A Higher Vocational College

Objective:This study is based on the analysis of hemoglobin data in blood samples of adolescent women in a higher vocational college to determine whether anemia and calculate the prevalence of anemia,and other anemia related components in the blood sample:serum iron（Serum iron,SI）,unbound iron（Unsaturated Iron-Binding Capacity,UIBC）,total Iron binding force（Total Iron binding capacity,TIBC）and transferrin saturation were studied and analyzed.The causes and influencing factors of anemia were investigated through questionnaires and dietary surveys.The dietary conditions of composite health education intervention and dietary behavior intervention were compared.The effect of compound health education intervention and dietary behavior intervention on the dietary status of students and the improvement of anemia.Methods:In this study,a stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 600 girls from Nanjing Health Vocational and Technical School to conduct a complete hemoglobin measurement,a serum iron level-related index measurement,and a diet-related questionnaire survey.88 people.The compound nutrition and health intervention lasted for 3 months.Before the intervention,88 female students with anemia were reviewed with a 24-hour continuous review for 3 days and combined with a dietary survey.Eighty-eight anemia students were randomly divided into experimental group and control group.The hemoglobin content,iron,protein,and energy intake measured between the two groups before the intervention were not statistically significant（all P>0.05）.Compound nutrition and health interventions for the experimental group included iron-rich diet interventions,classroom health education,and parental health information interventions.During the intervention period,the researchers provided three-to-one guidance to the students in the intervention group to understand the food intake of the students in the intervention group,correct them in a timely manner,and constantly monitor the situation of the students in the intervention group.After the intervention,the subjects were again tested for hemoglobin,subjective perception surveys,and dietary surveys.Results:Based on the hemoglobin test results,88 cases of iron deficiency anemia were detected in 587 female students,and the prevalence of anemia was 15.00%.The survey found that anemia-related female students generally experienced anemia-related symptoms.88anemia female students consumed various foods.The average daily energy intake of anemia female students was 78%of RNIs,and the total energy intake was insufficient.The total amount of protein consumed by female students of anemia per day is approximately 68.31g per day.After comparing with the reference intake of dietary nutrients,it is found that female students of anemia have thiamine,riboflavin,vitamin C,calcium,folic acid and vitamin B6And vitamin B₁₂ intake were inadequate.There were no statistically significant differences in the performance,breakfast,frequency of fruit consumption,and frequency of snacks among female students in the anemia group and non-anemia group（P>0.05）.There were statistically significant differences in 6 factors including dinner consumption,animal food frequency,and meat food consumption（P<0.05）;regression analysis found that academic performance and animal food frequency may receive other confounding Factors,P>0.05;birthplace,mother’s education,menstrual flow,dinner,and consumption of meat food are all independent factors affecting anemia among female students in health vocational colleges aged 17-18（P<0.05）.After the comprehensive nutrition and health education intervention,24 people in the intervention group had a hemoglobin content of more than 120g/L,and the anemia cure rate was 54.5%.The control group had 14 people,and the cure rate was 31.8%.In the control group,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（χ2=4.632,P<0.05）.The average intake of iron in the intervention group was 21 mg（the nutrient intake data showed a skewed distribution,the median was taken）,which was significantly higher than that of the control group,which was 17 mg.The intake of nutrients and proteins related to iron absorption was higher than that of the control group,and there was no significant difference in statistical tests.The intake of vitamin C was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the difference was significant（p<0.05）.Conclusion:Compound health education intervention and dietary behavior intervention can effectively improve the prevention of energy and nutrient intake of students,and have a certain effect on correcting students’anemia.