Research On My Country’s Public Health Investment Mechanism From The Perspective Of Fiscal Decentralization

Public health investment is an important source and guarantee of public health supply and public health,and a scientific public health investment mechanism is an important guarantee for public health investment.The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the shortcomings and deficiencies of my country’s public health investment,especially the public health investment mechanism.Through the research on the public health investment mechanism,this article explores how to rationalize the government public health investment mechanism to improve the effectiveness of public health investment and improve the supply level and emergency response level of public health services under the situation of tight financial funds.Ensure national public health security.Many scholars attribute the public health problem to insufficient total input and irrational and different input structure.This article believes that,in addition to this,many current literatures ignore the research on public health input mechanism,and the problem of input mechanism under the condition of fiscal decentralization is the key reason for the low level of public health service supply in my country.Specifically,under fiscal decentralization,the central government and local governments have problems with the investment mechanism in terms of the division of powers and expenditure responsibilities,the matching degree of financial powers and powers,and transfer payments,which have affected their public investment behavior and led to insufficient investment in public health,Inequality,eventually leading to the phenomenon of low public health service supply.Therefore,a profound analysis of the evolution and mechanism of the fiscal decentralization system and the public health investment system has important theoretical and practical significance for the correct understanding and improvement of public health investment.Based on this,this article adopts the methods of combining qualitative and quantitative,history and logic,and theory and practice to study my country’s public health investment mechanism from the perspective of fiscal decentralization.The content of this article is divided into three parts:The first part asks questions,corresponding to the first two chapters of the article.The first chapter mainly summarizes the research background and significance of this article,including research content and methods,innovations and deficiencies.The second chapter defines the core concepts,sorts out the relevant research literature on fiscal decentralization,public health investment and public health investment mechanism,and builds the theoretical basis and analysis framework of this article on the basis of reviews.The second part analyzes the problem,including the third,fourth,and fifth chapters of the article.The third chapter clarifies the historical changes of my country’s public health investment system and mechanism,combs its evolution logic.Chapter 4,from the perspective of the relationship between central and local governments and their behavior in the theory of fiscal decentralization,explores the problems and causes of my country’s public health investment mechanism,and clarifies how the investment mechanism ultimately leads to insufficient and uneven public health investment,Low efficiency,and then low supply level,and analyzed the emergency public health investment mechanism that was exposed during the new crown pneumonia epidemic,highlighting the difference between it and normal investment,and finally put forward the three hypothetical propositions of fiscal decentralization and investment mechanism in this article.Chapter 5 is an empirical analysis.Based on the three propositions put forward in Chapter 4 of this article,we test the investment effect under the public health investment mechanism of fiscal decentralization.The third part solves the problem,which is the sixth chapter.In conclusion,my country’s fiscal decentralization at different stages of economic development presents different characteristics,and the public health investment system and mechanism have changed accordingly.In the context of fiscal decentralization,the division of powers and responsibilities in expenditures,the matching of financial powers and powers,transfer payments,intergovernmental competition,and incentives for promotion of officials have also affected the public health investment of the central government and local governments,which is reflected in the central government’s power and power.Small,local governments have limited financial resources but large expenditure responsibilities,coupled with inadequate transfer payments,the "double-edged sword" effect of inter-governmental competition and distortions in the promotion mechanism of officials are manifested in insufficient public health investment,inefficiency,and inequality.Finally,it puts forward policy recommendations to improve the public health investment mechanism.The contribution of this article may lie in:(1)Research highlighting the "input mechanism",based on the perspective of fiscal decentralization theory,analyze how the central-government relationship under the fiscal decentralization system affects the public health investment mechanism,and then the effect of public health investment,and ultimately affects the supply of public health services level.(2)Focusing on the research of "public health",public health as a pure public goods,compared with medical services,its supply has special characteristics,which distinguishes public health from medical health,and clarifies government responsibilities more.(3)Research on my country’s emergency financial investment in combination with the COVID-19 pandemic,analyze its differences from normal investment.Starting from the governance system,study how to improve the investment mechanism,taking into account normal investment and emergency investment in emergencies.