Research On The Equity Of Children’s Health Under The Background Of The Integration Of Urban And Rural Residents’ Basic Medical Insurance

Good health is the prerequisite for all human activities,and children are the future of mankind.The realization of children’s health is the foundation for building a healthy China and realizing the health of the whole people.Due to the long-standing dual social structure of urban and rural areas,there are widespread health inequities among Chinese urban and rural children.As an important part of social security,medical insurance is a powerful means to realize social justice through redistribution.Medical insurance can indirectly affect children’s health by affecting the utilization of medical services.The integration of the basic medical insurance system for urban and rural residents can bring relatively fair health opportunities by providing equalized basic medical services,and ultimately obtain relatively fair health results,which is an important way to solve the problem of child health equity.This study is based on an empirical study carried out in X County,Hubei Province,with386 urban and rural children aged 7 to 18 in X County as the research object,using a stratified sampling method to understand the integration of basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents in X County through questionnaire surveys.On this basis,according to the survey data,the difference index and the concentration index are used to explore the fairness of the medical service utilization and health status distribution of the urban and rural children in X County,and the binary Logistic regression is used to analyze the utilization and health status of the urban and rural children in X County.The main influencing factors,and finally concluded:(1)The current integration of the basic medical insurance system for urban and rural residents in County X has promoted the integration of basic medical insurance and the equalization of basic medical services at the system level.Taking the sickness rate of the children around as a measurement indicator,there are still unfair utilization of medical services among children in X County as a whole,urban and rural areas,and the unfair utilization of medical services among rural children is higher than that in urban areas child.(2)Taking double personal assessment of children’s health as the measurement indicator of the long-term health status of urban and rural children in County X,this study found that there are significant differences in the long-term health status of children in County X’s urban and rural areas,urban and rural areas,and the degree of health inequity is relatively high.The inequality among the wealthy,and the unfairness of children’s long-term health in urban areas is significantly higher than that of rural children.However,it is worth noting that,taking the four-week prevalence rate as a measure of the recent health status of urban and rural children in County X,this study found that there is no significant difference in the recent health status of children in the urban and rural areas,urban and rural areas in County X,and there is no obvious unfairness phenomenon.(3)Gender,whether to be an only child,father’s occupation and mother’s occupation are the influencing factors for the utilization of urban and rural children’s medical services in X County.Taking double personal assessment of children’s health as a measurement indicator,family annual income,father’s education,mother’s occupation,distance to the nearest medical point,and whether there is commercial medical insurance are the factors that influence the long-term health status of urban and rural children in County X.Based on the prevalence rate of children in four weeks,household registration,only child,father’s occupation and mother’s occupation are the influencing factors of the recent health status of urban and rural children in X County.Among them,maternal occupation has the greatest impact on the long-term health status of urban and rural children in County X,and the impact is positive,but its impact on the utilization of medical services and recent health status of urban and rural children in County X is negative.Urban and rural children are unfair in the use of medical services,and rural children are in a more disadvantaged position.The reason may be due to the strong urban tendency of government financial investment and excessive marketization of medical and health care under the dual urban-rural system.The uneven allocation of medical service resources in urban and rural areas caused by system reform and the absence of government functions cannot be eliminated in a short time.The unbalanced development of urban and rural areas has led to the unfair enjoyment of medical services for children in urban and rural areas.The long-term health status of urban and rural children has the unfair health of the wealthy,and the long-term health problems of children with poor economic status in urban families are the most prominent.This may be mainly due to China’s long-standing principle of efficiency in income distribution.The gap between the rich and the poor is greater in the urban areas than in the rural areas.Since mothers pay more attention to investment in children’s health than fathers,mothers with good careers often have more money to improve children’s health.Therefore,compared with children whose mothers are engaged in agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery,mothers are engaged in non-agricultural,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery activities.The probability of sickness around children is relatively low,and the probability of going to a doctor around sickness is correspondingly lower,and their long-term health status is better.This study found through investigations that the integration of basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents in County X has basically achieved the urban and rural overall planning of basic medical insurance.However,in this context,there are still health equity issues among urban and rural children in County X.The key lies in the lack of rural development.The fairness of children’s health is essentially a development problem,and development problems can only be solved through development.Therefore,in order to solve the fairness of children’s health,the government should fully implement the rural revitalization strategy to achieve equal integration of urban and rural development;further optimize the structure of national income distribution,and achieve a social security system that integrates urban and rural areas;promote the integration of basic medical insurance systems,Gradually realize the equalization of basic medical services in urban and rural areas;play the government’s market supervision function in deepening the reform of the medical and health system;improve and optimize the multi-level social security system,focusing on protecting the rights of women and children.