| Objective Studies have shown that abdominal visceral adipose tissue(VAT)is associated with an increased risk of multiple metabolic risk factors.However,the effect of subcutaneous adipose tissue(SAT)on metabolism is controversial.And the effects of SAT and VAT on metabolism are also different in different genders.Therefore,the purpose of this study was to explore the effects of SAT,VAT and derived measure VAT/SAT(%)on common metabolic indices and their gender differences.Methods A total of 1388 subjects were recruited in the 2010 Metabolic Syndrome Survey.Epidemiological information such as basic conditions,smoking,alcohol consumption,and disease history were investigated by a standard questionnaire,the area of abdominal VAT and SAT were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and triglyceride(TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and other lipid indices were measured using an automated biochemical analyzer.The correlation analysis of SAT,VAT,VAT/SAT(%)with TG and HDL-C was mainly performed by Spearman,and the odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(95%CI)of SAT,VAT,VAT/SAT(%)with metabolic outcomes such as high TG and low HDL-C were further calculated by binary logistic regression.Results 1.Spearman correlation analysis found that SAT,VAT and VAT/SAT(%)were positively correlated with body mass index(BMI),waist circumference(WC),waist-to-hip ratio(WHR),systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),and total triglycerides(TG)in male and female after adjusting for age(P<0.05),and SAT,VAT,and VAT/SAT(%)were positively correlated with fasting blood glucose(FPG)in female,while SAT,VAT and VAT/SAT(%)were negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)(P<0.05).After further adjustment for BMI,VAT and VAT/SAT(%)remained positively correlated with each index but the correlation between VAT and VAT/SAT(%)in female and FPG disappeared,and negative correlations were shown between SAT in female and SBP,DBP and TG(P<0.05).2.Logistic regression results showed that after adjusting for age,smoking,alcohol consumption,and menopausal history(female),higher levels of SAT,VAT,and VAT/SAT(%)in the male were all risk factors for high TG,low HDL-C,and hypertension(P for trend<0.05),where higher SAT was also a risk factor for diabetes mellitus.In the female,higher level of VAT and VAT/SAT(%)were also risk factors for high TG,low HDL-C,and hypertension(P for trend<0.05),where higher VAT/SAT(%)was also a risk factor for diabetes.Higher SAT in women was also a risk factor for hypertension with the fourth quartile(Q4)OR of 2.259(95%CI:1.348,3.786).After further adjustment for BMI,higher VAT and VAT/SAT(%)in male remained positively associated with high TG,low HDL-C,and hypertension,but the correlation between SAT and low HDL-C,hypertension,and diabetes disappeared.The correlation between higher VAT and VAT/SAT(%)and outcome remained positive in female;however,the positive correlation between higher SAT and hypertension in female disappeared and showed a negative correlation with diabetes,the third and fourth quartiles(Q3 and Q4)ORs were 0.304(95%CI:0.125,0.738)and 0.192(95%CI:0.069,0.537),respectively.3.After data transformation by Z-score,in the analysis of correlation with high TG,low HDL-C and hypertension,ORs for VAT,VAT/SAT(%)were higher in male than in female,and the risk of SAT for hypertension was also greater in male than in female.4.The ability to assess high TG and low HDL-C was higher in male VAT compared to WC.Conclusions SAT was not significantly associated with metabolic outcomes in men,SAT area was negatively associated with the risk of developing T2D in women independently of BMI.VAT and VAT/SAT(%)were associated with an increased risk of high TG,low HDL-C and hypertension and were higher in male than in female.The ability of male VAT to assess high TG and low HDL-C was higher compared to WC.The distribution of abdominal fat was associated with its biological effects. |
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