Studies On Chemical Composition And Antioxidant Activity Of The Wild And Cultivated Atractylodes Japonica

Atractylodes japonica Koidz.ex Kitam.is a perennial herb of the genus Atractylodes.In this experiment,the three-year wild and cultivated Atractylodes japonica were used as the main research materials to study the differences in external morphological characteristics,leaf physiological and biochemical characteristics,volatile chemical components,organic acid content,total flavonoid content,and antioxidant enzyme activity.The main research conclusions are as follows:1.The plant heights of the three-year cultivar wangshu no.1 and cinnabar were significantly higher than those of wild Atractylodes japonica,but the three had no significant differences in leaf number,leaf length and width.2.The soluble protein content in the leaves of the three-year-old wild Atractylodes japonica was significantly higher than that of the cultivated Atractylodes japonica,and the content of malondialdehyde was lower than that of the cultivated Atractylodes japonica.The content of starch in the leaves of wild Atractylodes japonica was higher than that of cultivar wangshu no.l and cinnabar,but the content of soluble sugar in the leaves was lower than that of cultivar wangshu no.1.3.Sixty-seven compounds were identified in the three-year-old cultivar Atractylodes japonica volatile oils,mainly alkynes and esters.Fifty-five compounds were identified in the three-year-old wild Atractylodes japonica volatile oil,mainly ketones and enynes.There are 32 volatile components shared by wild and cultivated species,and the first 8 volatile components with high relative content are also different.Therefore,it is determined that the effective components of the two are significantly different.There are two kinds of volatile components unique to cultivated Atractylodes japonica:Methyl 9,11-octadecadien-oate and β-Curcumene;there are three kinds of volatile components unique to wild Atracrylodes japonica:4-Etheny 1-α,α,4-trimethy 1-3-(1-methy letheny 1)-,[1 R-(1 α,3α,4β)]-cyclohexanemethano 1,Caryophyllene oxide and Humulene.4.The contents of chlorogenic acid and 3,4-di-o-caffeoquininic acid in the leaves of three-year-old cultivated Atractylodes japonica were significantly higher than those of wild Atractylodes japonica,and the contents of caffeic acid and 3,5-di-o-caffeinquininic acid were lower than that of wild Atractylodes japonica.The content of caffeic acid in rhizome of three-year-old wild Atractylodes japonica was higher than that of cultivated Atractylodes japonica.5.The content of total flavonoids in the leaves of the three-year-old cultivar wangshu no.l and cinnabar spot was significantly higher than that in the wild Atractylodes japonica,but the content of total flavonoids in the roots was lower than that in the wild Atractylodes japonica.The scavenging capacity and total reducing capacity of DPPH free radical and hydroxyl free radical were the best among the total flavonoids in the leaves of Atractylodes japonica of different types,with the mean values of 83.39%,66.02%and 0.346 respectively.The scavenging capacity of DPPH radical,hydroxyl radical and total antioxidant capacity of total flavonoids in rhizoma vermilion were the best.The total flavonoids in the leaves of wild Atractylodes japonica had the best scavenging effect on superoxide anion radical,and the total reduction capacity of the total flavonoids in rhizome was the best.