Pharmacognosy Study On Kaempferia Galanga L.

Objective: This project had further improved the research on pharmacognosy of K.galanga,and laid the foundation for its quality standards through the identification of pharmacognosy,preliminary analysis of chemical components,the law of infrared spectroscopy,the determination of chemical components,and the study of antibacterial activity in vitro,To provide a certain theoretical basis for better development of the potential value of this natural medicinal plant.Methods: Directly observed and recorded the traits and characteristics of fresh K.galanga,K.galanga decoction,and K.galanga power.The tissue cross-sections of the rhizomes of K.galanga were made by paraffin staining,and K.galanga powder was prepared by the method prescribed in the Pharmacopoeia,and their properties were observed under a microscope.Microscopic features were taken and photographed and described in words.Different reagents were infiltrated into the K.galanga powder,and the fluorescence color under 365 nm ultraviolet light was observed with a UV analyzer.The UV spectrometer was used to analyze the K.galanga aqueous extract,methanol extract,and Petroleum ether extract for UV spectroscopy;Two or more identification methods were used to identify the chemical constituents in the aqueous extract and ethanol extract of K.galanga through experimental phenomena such as color reaction,precipitation reaction,and other related reactions;Spectrum Two infrared spectrometer was used to detect K.galanga original medicinal materials and its methanol extracts and aqueous extracts.OMNIC software was used to make infrared spectrum data into maps.And IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 software was used to perform Pearson correlation coefficient analysis and systematic clustering analysis on the original data of 18 batches of K.galanga original medicinal materials;UV-Vis spectrophotometry was used to determine the total sugar,total polysaccharide,total amino acid,and total polyphenol content in different batches of K.galanga;The HPTLCS method and HPLC method were used to determine the content of ethyl methoxycinnamate in 7different batches of K.galanga,and the green degree of the analysis process of these two methods was evaluated in combination with AES;The plate-punching method was used to investigate the inhibitory effects of EPMC on Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus mutans and Escherichia coli,the main medicinal component of K.galanga,and the MIC of this component on Staphylococcus aureus was determined.Results: The characters,microscopic characteristics,and physicochemical identification of K.galanga are described in detail,and the related picture data are sorted and classified,and the pictures with clear features are selected and placed in the text;Two or more detection methods are used to conduct a preliminary analysis of the chemical composition of K.galanga,from the experimental results,it can be known that K.galanga contains carbohydrates,organic acids,tannins and phenols,steroids,saponins,alkaloids,cardiac glycosides,coumarin,lactones and other esters,amino acids,and flavonoids;The infrared spectrum of K.galanga original medicinal materials,its aqueous extract,and methanol extract were analyzed,and the infrared spectrum of the three substances were compared.It was found that the difference in peak shape and peak position between the spectra was obvious.The Pearson correlation coefficient of the infrared spectrum data of 18 batches of K.galanga is not different,the range is 0.932-0.999,the bilateral significance test P?0.01,has a significant correlation,and combined with the peak shape and peak position of each spectrum,the functional groups of these 18 batches are the same and the chemical composition is the same.According to the cluster analysis of the infrared spectra of 18 batches of K.galanga,when the distance is 5,1-7,9-15 and 17 can be divided into one class,16 and 18 can be divided into one class;the total sugar content of 18 batches of K.galanga was determined as33.53%-59.68%,The polysaccharides content was determined as 15.68%-45.91%,the total amino acid content was determined as 0.52%-2.53%,and the total polyphenols content was determined as 0.119%-0.362% by using UV-Vis spectrophotometry;The HPTLCS method has good measurement conditions,which means the spots of the samples on the thin plate are clear and have no impurity interference,and have a good qualitative effect.The content of EPMC in 7 batches of K.galanga was determined as 1.57%-2.69% and2.76%-3.82% respectively by using HPTLCS method and HPLC method.Judged from the evaluation of the ecological scale greenness of the two methods,the HPTLC method is an excellent green analysis technology,and the HPLC method is an acceptable green analysis technology(AES score: HPTLCS method scores 83;HPLC method scores 75),it can be considered that the HPTLCS method is more green and environmentally friendly;From the results of in vitro antibacterial experiments,EPMC has a moderate antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus(when the concentration is 40.0 and 20.0 mg/m L,the size of the inhibition zone is 13.77±0.15 mm,and 9.22±0.11 mm,the MIC is 1.25 mg/m L).Conclusion: This project provides a detailed experimental basis for the pharmacognosy identification of K.galanga.It conducts preliminary inspection of the chemical composition of K.galanga,studies the law of infrared spectroscopy of K.galanga,determines the total composition of K.galanga,and establishes HPTLCS method and HPLC method to analyze EPMC in K.galanga.The content determination of EPMC and the comparison of the green degree of the two methods and the in vitro antibacterial activity of EPMC have further perfected the pharmacognosy research of K.galanga,and provide basic and ideas for the source and quality control of K.galanga and a scientific basis for further developing the potential medicinal value of K.galanga.