Research On The Fall Prevention Of The Elderly With High Risk Of Falling Based On The Health Education Of Precede-Proceed Model

Objective:In this paper,guided by the theoretical framewo rk of the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model,we investigate and analyze the root causes and influencing factors that affect the pr evention of falls in the elderly with high-risk falls in a tertiary hospital in Wuhan,and formulate an intervention p lan to intervene to improve their level of fall prevention knowledge-belief-behavior.,To promote the formation of fa ll prevention behaviors and improve fall self-efficacy,the reby reducing the incidence of falls and the degree of fall injury.Method:In March-April 2019,the convenience sampling metho d was used to select the elderly with high risk of falling in the cardiology department of a tertiary hospital in Wuha n as the research object.Elderly inpatients who met the cr iteria for inclusion and exclusion in the ward in March wer e used as the control group;elderly inpatients who met the criteria for inclusion and exclusion in April were used as the intervention group.The control group was given regular health education in the department,and the intervention group was given the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model health education on the basis of this model.Through the “behavioral diagnosi s stage” of this model,the three major factors that affec t the tendency,facilitating,and strengthening of fall pre vention in the elderly at high risk of falling were determi ned.In the "health intervention stage",targeted measures are taken to promote the implementation of the three factor s.The intervention time is 6 months after admission to dis charge.Use "Inpatient Elderly Fall Prevention Knowledge,C redit and Practice Scale","Elderly Fall Prevention Complia nce Behavior Table","Revised Fall Effect Energy Table","F all Injury Degree Table",etc.to observe the effect of hea lth education for the elderly in the intervention group.En ter the collected data into SPSS 25.0,and use the software to analyze and process the data.Results:(1)At the beginning of the study,92 patients with h igh-risk falls were enrolled without loss to follow-up,the intervention group(45 cases),the control group(45 ca ses);(2)At the time of admission,the control group and in tervention group general information,fall prevention knowl edge-letter-action,fall prevention compliance behavior,fa ll self-efficacy,fall incidence rate,and fall injury degr ee are comparable(P>0.05);(3)After the intervention,the two groups of elderly fall prevention knowledge and belief behavior repeated measurement analysis of variance results showed that the main effect of intervention,main effect of time,and interaction were statistically significant(P<0.05),the intervention group was higher than the control gr oup(P<0.05);(4)The fall prevention behavior compliance rate and fall self-efficacy scores of the two groups of elde rly people were higher than before the intervention,and th e intervention group was higher than the control group(P<0.05);(5)After the intervention,the incidence of falls be tween the two groups of elderly people was compared.The in tervention group was lower than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After the intervention,the two groups of elderly fall injury wer e compared,the intervention group was lower than the contr ol group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Health education based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED M odel can improve the knowledge,attitudes and behaviors of fall prevention for the elderly at high risk of falling in hospital;it can improve the compliance behaviors of fall p revention after discharge from the elderly in hospital at h igh risk of falling;it can reduce the incidence of falls i n elderly hospitalized at high risk degree,has certain cli nical reference significance.