Analysis Of Clinical Characteristics And Risk Factors Of Neonatal Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Objective: To investigate the incidence,clinical characteristics and influencing factors of neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)in our hospital,so as to provide reference for further standardized treatment of neonatal ARDS.Methods: From January 2018 to December 2020,the newborns who met the inclusion criteria in neonatal intensive care unit of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were selected as the research objects,and they were divided into neonatal ARDS group and control group according to the Montreux diagnostic criteria of neonatal ARDS.The case data of the two groups were retrospectively analyzed to understand the clinical characteristics,disease severity and complications of neonatal ARDS Univariate and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors of neonatal ARDS.Results: From January 2018 to December 2020,3210 newborns were hospitalized in NICU,including 210 newborns with ARDS,the prevalence rate was 6.5%.Among the210 cases,153 were male(72.8%),57 were female(27.2%),the ratio of male to female was 2.7:1,the gestational age was(35.10 ± 2.46)weeks,and the birth weight was(2494.1± 531.4)g.the main clinical manifestations of neonatal ARDS were acute onset,shortness of breath,cyanosis and moaning The common primary diseases were birth asphyxia in 79cases(37.6%),meconium aspiration in 37 cases(17.6%),fetal distress in 26 cases(12.3%);the complications were PVH.Ⅳ h in 102 cases(48.60%),neonatal sepsis in 103 cases(49.0%),ROP in 19 cases(9.0%),BPD in 11 cases(5.2%),PDA in 66 cases(31.4%),pulmonary hemorrhage in 22 cases(10.4%),PPHN in 36 cases(17.1)%.109 cases were treated with non-invasive CPAP ventilation,101 cases with invasive mechanical ventilation and 131 cases with PS.Among them,178 cases were cured or improved(84.7%),32 cases died or gave up treatment(15.3%).Univariate analysis showed that sex,birth weight,gestational age,cesarean section,maternal pregnancy with related diseases,amniotic fluid meconium aspiration,premature rupture of membranes,fetal distress,birth asphyxia were associated with neonatal ARDS.Logistic regression analysis showed that birth weight was a protective factor,while male,cesarean section,birth asphyxia and fetal distress were risk factors of neonatal ARDS.Conclusion:1)The onset time of neonatal ARDS is within one week of birth,with severe clinical symptoms,high incidence of complications,early detection,early diagnosis,timely reasonable respiratory support and other symptomatic treatment,the prognosis is good;2)early identification and early intervention of perinatal risk factors of neonatal ARDS are of great significance to understand the condition,formulate treatment plan and improve the prognosis of neonatal ARDS Guiding significance.