Investigation On Anxiety And Depression Of Asthma Patients In Urban And Rural Areas And Analysis Of Related Factors

Objective To evaluate the level of anxiety and depression of asthma patients;to analyze the related influencing factors of anxiety and depression of asthma patients;to analyze whether there is correlation between anxiety and depression of asthma patients and act score;to analyze whether there are differences in anxiety and depression levels and influencing factors of asthma patients in different places of residence.Methods Using non probability sampling method,179 patients with asthma and 179 patients in their primary care from December 2019 to December 2020 in the Department of respiratory medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University were selected as the research objects.The general information questionnaire and asthma control test scale were completed by interviewing patients;the patients and their main caregivers completed the generalized anxiety disorder and 9 Item patient health questionnaire.SPSS 26.0 statistical software was used to manage and analyze the data.Descriptive statistics,correlation analysis,independent sample nonparametric test(comparison of two independent samples: Mann Whitney rank sum test;comparison of more than three groups: Kruskal Wallis h test),multiple stepwise linear regression were used for statistical analysis.Results1.The anxiety scale scores of asthma patients and primary caregivers were 4(9-2)and 2(4-0),respectively,and there was a significant positive correlation between them(r =0.443,P < 0.001).The scores of depression scale of asthma patients and their main caregivers were 4(8-2)and 1(3-0),respectively,and there was a significant positive correlation between them(r = 0.452,P < 0.001).2.Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that depression score of asthma patients,anxiety score of main caregivers,medication treatment,medical insurance type and marital status were the main influencing factors of anxiety score of asthma patients(R2 = 0.502,adjusted R2 = 0.488,F = 34.883,P < 0.001);anxiety score of asthma patients,depression score of main caregivers and asthma control score were the main influencing factors of anxiety score of asthma patients The main influencing factors of depression score(R2 = 0.457,adjusted R2 = 0.447,F = 49.052,P < 0.001).3.Spearson correlation analysis and further independent sample nonparametric test showed that anxiety score was negatively correlated with act score(r =-0.439,P =0.000);depression score was negatively correlated with act score(r =-0.451,P =0.000).4.The scores of anxiety scale in rural and urban asthma patients were 5(9-2)and 3(5-1.25)respectively;the scores of depression scale in rural and urban asthma patients were 5(8-2)and 3(6-2)respectively;multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that marriage,medication treatment,anxiety score of main caregivers and depression score of patients were the main influencing factors of anxiety score in rural asthma patients(R2 = 0.451,adjusted R2 = 0.430,F = 21.562,P < 0.001);the depression score of urban asthma patients was the main influencing factor of anxiety score of urban asthma patients(R2 = 0.276,adjusted R2 = 0.261,F = 17.576,P < 0.001).Anxiety score of rural asthma patients,anxiety score of main caregivers,depression score of main caregivers and act score were the main influencing factors of depression score of rural asthma patients(R2 = 0.494,adjusted R2 = 0.478,F = 30.743,P < 0.001);anxiety score of urban asthma patients and anxiety score of main caregivers were the main influencing factors of depression score of urban asthma patients(R2 = 0.44,P < 0.001)adjusted R2 = 0.420,F = 18.006,P < 0.001).5.Conclusions1.Anxiety and depression are common in asthmatic patients,and the incidence of anxiety comorbidity and depression is high;2.Depression score of asthma patients,anxiety score of main caregivers,medication treatment,medical insurance type and marital status were important influencing factors of anxiety level of patients;3.Anxiety score,depression score of main caregivers and asthma control score are important influencing factors of depression level of asthma patients.4.The levels of anxiety and depression in asthmatic patients were negatively correlated with ACT score.5.There are differences in the levels of anxiety and depression and the influencing factors of asthma patients in different places of residence.