| Objective:To understand the age,time and influencing factors of hearing diagnosis for infants who failed hearing screening,and to explore the characteristics of audiology,related risk factors,treatment and rehabilitation of infants diagnosed with hearing impairment.It provides reference for early diagnosis,regular follow-up and timely intervention of infants who failed hearing screening.Methods:In this study,1058 infants who failed hearing screening in our department from April 2017 to October 2020 were selected as the research objects,and disease-related information were collected.In this study,auditory diagnosis was performed in infants with otoacoustic emission(OAE),auditory brainstem response(ABR),and acoustic impedance tests.Children with proven hearing impairment were followed up.Through statistical analysis,the age and time of seeking medical treatment for infants who did not pass hearing screening,as well as their relationship with their parents’educational background and year-by-year changes were understood.and the characteristics of audiology,the relationship with gender,related risk factors,treatment and rehabilitation of infants diagnosed with hearing impairment were discussed,and through the hearing screening data of Jilin Province to understand the hearing screening and diagnosis of Jilin Province.Result:1.From 2017 to 2019,the hearing screening rate of newborns in Jilin Province was 94.45%,98.16%and 99.01%,respectively,and the diagnosis rate of hearing impairment was 0.18%,0.37%and 0.38%,respectively,showing an increasing trend year by year.2.In this study,530 cases(50.09%)of infants aged 0-3 months were visited,followed by 283 cases(26.75%)of infants aged 3-6 months.The time of visit mainly focused on 495 cases(46.79%)from 3 to 6 months after hearing screening was found to have failed,followed by 278 cases(26.28%)within 3 months.The treatment time of parents with higher education was shorter than that of parents with lower education,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two years(P>0.05).3.A total of 609 children with hearing impairment were finally diagnosed,with a hearing screening detection rate of 57.56%and a false positive rate of 42.44%;Among the 1704 ears that did not pass the hearing screening,779 ears(45.72%)were diagnosed as normal,925 ears(54.25%)had hearing impairment,and 402 ears(43.46%)had moderate hearing impairment.Of the 412 ears screened,355 ears(86.17%)were diagnosed as normal and 57 ears(13.83%)were diagnosed as hearing impaired.4.In this study,there were 431 female infants and 627 male infants,and among the 609 confirmed infants,there were 250 female infants and 359 male infants.There was no statistical significance in the detection rate of hearing impairment between the two groups(X~2=0.058,P=0.809>0.05).5.Univariate analysis results showed that premature birth,low birth weight,craniofacial malformation,NICU hospitalization history,and family history of deafness were related to hearing impairment,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that craniofacial malformation,NICU hospitalization history and family history of deafness were independent risk factors for infant hearing impairment.6.Follow-up results of 609 children diagnosed with hearing impairment:533(87.52%)were treated by doctors’ advice and regularly reviewed,16(2.63%)had no intention of treatment,and 60(9.85%)were lost to follow-up;Among the 549 patients who received follow-up,105 cases(19.13%)received cochlear implant or hearing aid and speech training as prescribed by the doctor,353 cases(64.30%)returned to normal hearing after reexamination after other treatment as prescribed by the doctor,55 cases(10.02%)did not recover but improved by reexamination or parental observation,and 36 cases(6.56%)did not improve.Conclusion:1.There is still a certain gap between the age of treatment of infants in this study and the standard of diagnosis at 3 months and intervention at 6 months recommended by the Ministry of Health of China.2.The time to visit a doctor is related to the educational level of the parents.The time to visit a doctor with higher educational level is shorter than that with lower educational level.The time to visit a doctor has no obvious change year by year.3.This study illustrates significance of Neonatal hearing screening.However,there are certain false positive and false negative rates.The infants who failed hearing screening in this study were mainly diagnosed with moderate hearing impairment.4.Gender of infants in this study has no effect on hearing impairment results.Craniofacial malformation,NICU hospitalization history and family history of deafness are the main risk factors for hearing impairment in infants and young children.5.The rate of loss of follow-up of children with hearing impairment was high in this group,and most of the families of children who received follow-up could follow the doctor’s advice for intervention treatment and regular review. |
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