Intestinal Microbiome Is Related To Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia And Its Severity In Premature Infants

Objective:Bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)is a common respiratory disease in premature infants.Current studies have found the association between intestinal microbiome and respiratory diseases.This study explores the characteristics of the gut microbiome of premature infants with BPD and its relationship with the severity of the disease,in order to discover clinical methods that can reduce the incidence of BPD.Study design:Stool samples of all premature infants born in the neonatal intensive care unit of the First Hospital of Jilin University from January,2018 to April,2019 were collected.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,15 infants in the BPD group were finally obtained,including 6 in the moderate group and 9 in the severe group.10 infants without BPD who matched the infants with BPD in gestational age and delivery mode were enrolled as controls.The stools of the infants included in the study were analyzed by 16 sr RNA high-throughput sequencing technology,and the stool collection time was within 48 hours after birth and about 4 weeks after birth.Results:At birth,the chao1,ACE and Shannon indexes of the BPD group were significantly lower than those of the control group.The Shannon index of the severe BPD group was significantly lower than that of the moderate BPD group.The simpson index(p=0.042)of the BPD group was lower than that of the control group at 28 days after birth,and there was no difference in diversity index between the severe group and the moderate group.Over time,the diversity of the flora of all infants increased.The relative abundance of Serratia in the genus level of the BPD group was higher than that of the control group at birth.In the severe BPD group,the abundance of Bacillales at birth was significantly higher than that in the moderate BPD group.At 28 days after birth,the veillonellaceae and veillonella in the BPD group were lower than those in the control group.Conclusion:1.The intestinal flora diversity of infants with moderate and severe BPD decreased,and the degree of diversity reduction was positively correlated with the severity of the disease;2.Serratia may be the characteristic intestinal flora that predicts the occurrence of moderate to severe BPD at birth;3.Bacilluscan could be used as the specific flora of infants with severe BPD,and the microbial community structure of infants with severe BPD is more unstable.