Prenatal Ultrasound Study Of Fetal Cerebellar Fissure And Anterior And Posterior Lobes

Chapter 1:Prenatal ultrasound analysis of cerebellar fissures and the establishment of the reference value range in normal fetusesObjective:To observe the cerebellar fissures by trans-abdominal two-dimensional ultrasound in normal fetuses of 12-32 gestational weeks and to build the reference value range.Materials and Methods:644 single pregnant women ranged from 12-32 gestational weeks were enrolled in the study,who were taken prenatal ultrasound exam in Shenzhen Maternal and Child Health hospital from June 2019 to December 2020.All cases are divided into two stages,12-15 weeks of gestation are stage one;16-32 weeks of gestation are stage two.The reference ranges of the number of fissures in front of the primary fissure,between the primary fissure and the horizontal fissure,behind the horizontal fissure and total number of fissures at different gestational weeks in stage 2 were established.Correlation was analyzed between the number of fissures and the gestational weeks and polynomial model was constructed then.Results:The number of cerebellar fissures for each part and total number were increased with gestational weeks.Quadratic polynomial regression equations were respectively fitted to the models.The regression equations were Y=0.974X-0.014X2-12.65,Y=0.362X-0.005X2-4.843,Y=-0.125X+0.006X2+0.285,Y=1.800X-0.024X2-22.904.Conclusion:Trans-abdominal two-dimensional ultrasound can be used to observe fetal cerebellar fissures and indirectly to evaluate the growth condition of fetal cerebellar cortex.Chapter 2:Prenatal ultrasound analysis of cerebellar anterior and posterior lobes and the establishment of the reference value range in normal fetusesObjective:To observe the cerebellar anterior and posterior lobes by trans-abdominal three-dimensional ultrasound in normal fetuses of 18-32 gestational weeks and to build the reference value range.Materials and Methods:575 single pregnant women ranged from 18-32 gestational weeks were enrolled in the study,who were taken prenatal ultrasound exam in Shenzhen Maternal and Child Health hospital from June 2019 to December 2020.First,collect three-dimensional volume date based on two-dimensional transverse section of cerebellum,then,cut the C plane by the method of scribing and cutting in the free anatomical imaging mode,and obtain the section of anterior lobe and posterior lobe respectively.Measure the circumference and the area of anterior lobe and posterior lobe,calculate the ratio of anterior lobe and posterior lobe and build the normal reference value.Correlation was analyzed between the parameters of cerebellar anterior and posterior lobes and the gestational weeks and regression model was constructed.Results:The circumference and the area of anterior lobe and posterior lobe were both increased with gestational weeks.The regression models were as follows:the circumference of anterior lobe=0.266GA-1.601;the area of the anterior lobe=0.148GA-2.313;the circumference of posterior lobe=0.421GA-3.145;the area of the posterior lobe=0.315GA-5.035.Conclusion:Prenatal three-dimensional volume ultrasound can be used to obtain correlative pictures and measure the fetal cerebellar anterior and posterior lobes and provide a reference for further evaluation of cerebellar development.Chapter3:The development of the cerebellar surface fissures and the anterior and posterior lobes in the fetuses with central nervous system abnormalitiesObjective:To analysis the development of cerebellar fissures and cerebellar anterior and posterior lobes for fetuses who were diagnosed as central nervous system dysplasia in mid-and early late-trimester.Materials and Methods:30 single pregnant women were enrolled in the study,who were taken prenatal ultrasound exam and the fetuses were diagnosed as central nervous system abnormality in Shenzhen Maternal and Child Health hospital from June 2019 to December 2020.The cases without cerebellar fissures and cerebellar anterior and posterior lobes abnormality were labeled as group 1,the cases of cerebellar fissures abnormality were labeled as group 2 and the cases of cerebellar anterior and posterior lobes abnormality were labeled as group 3.Relevant parameters were obtained according to the method of measurement in Chapters 1 and 2,and compare the parameters of abnormal group with normal group.Results:The relevant parameters of group 1 had no significant difference with normal group.In group 2 the abnormal characters of the cerebellar fissures are shown with that the fissures are arranged sparsely and the number is reduced;the fissures are not clearly displayed;the morphology of the fissures is disordered and run abnormally;the fissures of left and right hemispheres are asymmetrical and so on.The relevant parameters of cerebellar anterior and posterior lobes of group 3 had a statistically significant difference with normal group.Conclusion:The abnormalities of cerebellar fissures and cerebellar anterior and posterior lobes could be found in fetuses with central nervous system dysplasia.