Study On Immune Regulation,weight Loss,lipid Lowering And Glucose Lowering Effects Of Chijian

The research content of this paper is to develop a part of Gastrodia elata as bulk Chinese herbal medicine,which is a project of sustainable utilization capacity construction of precious Chinese herbal resources with major increase and decrease of expenditure by the central government-Chi Jian(which is the aboveground part of Gastrodia elata Bl.)health care efficacy.Gastrodia elata is the orchid plant Gastrodia elata BL,which is included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 edition.Modern pharmacological researches show that the gastrodia elata has anticonvulsants、resistance to stun、antiepileptic、hypnotic、analgesia、improve learning memory、antidepressant、fall blood sugar、fall hematic fat and so on.Chi Jian at present is most of the abandoned,whether it has medicinal value and health care efficacy will study.We turn to the ancient documents,Chijian and G.rhizoma were recorded,such as the eastern han dynasty.Chijian with its stem like an arrow,named red,the red arrow as top grade,long take good strength,Yin long,fat,intellectual man fit increases in song and yuan period.Ming Chijian and G.rhizoma are divided into two herbs,gastrodia elata blume medicinal part is underground tubers,and Chijian is part of the action on the ground.The song dynasty Kuo Shi records:The root of gastrodia elata must be accompanied by other medicines,and then see its merits,and the seedling of gastrodia elata must be added and used is also Chijian,gastrodia elata seedling is also different from gastrodia elata treatment,so the descendants can be divided into two Song Dynasty.After the qing dynasty,the aboveground part of Gastrodia elata B1.rarely used as medicinal herbsIn the chemical composition of research shows that the content of Chijian is far higher than the underground part.From the ground part of Chijian,21 compounds were isolated,pharmacological activity research are not reported.This article from the chemical composition、immune regulation、obesity prevention、prevention of hyperlipidemia、in the aspect of hypoglycemia,the differences between Chijian and G.rhizoa,were compared to provide basis for the further research and development of Chijian.Objective:To compare the contents of adenosine,gastrodin,p-hydroxy benzyl alcohol,p-hydroxy benzaldehyde,parisinin B and parisinin A,their effects on immune function,losing weight,lipid-loweringing and intestinal microflora and hypoglycemic activity in the Chijian which is the aboveground part of Gastrodia elata B1.and Gastrodiae rhizoma which is tuber of Gastrodia elata B1.,evaluating whether it is necessary to study and develop the Chijian.Method:The contents of six constituents were determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography(UPLC).Mobile phase was 0.1%formic acid and aqueous solution(A)and 0.1%formic acid and acetonitrile(B)at the flow rate of 0.5 mL·min-1(0～4 min,0.5%B;4～5 min,0.5%～2%B;5～10 min,2%～15%B;10～12 min,15%～20%B;12～15 min,20%～95%B;15～17 min,95%B;17～17.5 min,95%～0.5%B;17.5-20 min,0.5%B).The detection wavelength was 270 nm.To compare the diference of the pharmacological activity in the water extract of Chijian and the water extract of G.rhizoma,the clearance index and corrected clearance index and routine blood and the T lymphocyte transformation in vivo experiment were measured in mice with low immune function induced by cyclophosphamide and intestinal microflora was analysised with 16S rDNA technology.Obese rats model is established by high fat feedstuff,groups were divided into normal control group,model control group,medicine control group,traditional Chinese medicine control group gastrodia powder group,high-dose and low-dose groups of the water extract of G.rhizoma,high-dose and low-dose groups of the water extract of Chijian.Since experiments,blank control group to.give basic feed,model control group and experimental group daily to give the same amount of each animal nutrition and feed feed quantity is same as the base of feed Experimental group to different doses of the drug,subjects for 45 consecutive days.During the experiment weighed 2 times a week,regularly observation records of each animal to eat leftover food intake and weight and appetite is end of the experiment test each group rats Lee’s index of liver body than fat body ratio;The serum total cholesterol(TCHO),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDLC),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDLC),triglyceride(TG),pancreatic lipase(PL),adiponectin(ADP)were determined.The caecal contents were collected and intestinal flora was analyzed by 16S rDNA technique.With high fat feed rats were divided into normal control group,model control group,medicine control group,traditional Chinese medicine control group gastrodia powder group,high-dose and low-dose groups of the water extract of G.rhizoma,high-dose and low-dose groups of the water extract of Chijian.Since experiments,blank control group to give basic feed,model control group each animal daily to give the same amount of nutrition feed,feed quantity is same as the base of feed.The experimental group was given different doses of the tested drugs and weighed once a week for 60 consecutive days.After the end of the experiment,the body weight of the rats in each group was measured and calculated.Serum total TCHO,HDLC,LDLC,TG and serum hepatic lipase(HL)lipoprotein lipase(LPL)content were detected,and arteriosclerosis index(arteriosclerosis index=(TCHO-HDLC)/HDLC)was calculated,and TCHO and TG in liver homogenate was determined.The caecal contents were collected and intestinal flora was analyzed by 16S rDNA technique.Adopt chain urea with intraperitoneal injection of cephalosporins in diabetic mice model,selection of blood glucose of animals,according to the blood sugar levels were randomly divided into normal group,positive control group model,the metformin group,low-dose groups of the water extract of G.rhizoma,high-dose and low-dose groups of the water extract of Chijian for 4 weeks.Before the experiment and experimental weighed 1 times a week and in the process of determination of fasting blood glucose(FBG),before the end of the week to oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT),blood,before the end of the experiment in the separation of serum,TCHO,HDLC,LDLC,TG.Result:The total contents of the six components measured in the powder and the alcohol extract in Chijian were higher than that of G.rhizoma,and the total contents of the six components in their water extract were similar,and the contents of gastrodin and p-hydroxy benzoyl alcohol met the requirements of G.rhizoma in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 edition.Compared with blank control group,the clearance index K value of immunocompromised mice was significantly increased in the middle-dose group of the water extract of Chijian(10 g·kg-1),middle-dose and low-dose groups of the water extract of G.rhizoma(10,5 g·kg-1)(P<0.05).The contents of RBC and HCT in blood were significantly increased in the high-dose of the water extract of Chijian and G.rhizoma(20 g·kg-1)with significant difference compared with the blank control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Studies on intestinal microflora showed that compared with blank control group,at the phylum level the water extract of Chijian and G.rhizoma increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and decreased the abundance of Firmicutes,at the genus level the water extract of Chijian and G.rhizome increased the abundance of Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005,and decreased the abundance of Anaerotruncus,unclassified_f_erysipelotrichaceae,Candidatus_stoquefichus.TheSe intestinal bacteria are related to the immune system,cell proliferation,and regulation of metabolism.There was no significant effect on the content of antibody-producing cells and hemolysin in mice of the aqueous extracts of Chijian and G.rhizoma in the tested dose range.Compared with the model group,the final body weight in G.elata powder group was significantly decreased.Compared with the model group,the PL activity was decreased in the low-dose water extract group of Chijian and the low-dose water extract group of G.rhizoma,thus reducing the hydrolytic absorption of lipids in the body,suggesting that the water extract of Chijian and G.rhizoma may have a positive effect on the treatment of obesity by inhibiting PL activity.The results showed that compared with the model control group,at the phylum level,Gastrodia elata powder and the water extract of Chijian and G.rhizoma decreased the abundance of Firmicutes,at the genus level,the water extract of Chijian,the water extract of G.rhizoma and Gastrodia elata powder decreased the relative abundance of norank_f_Lachnospiraceae.The water extract of Chijian and Gastrodia elata powder decreased the relative abundance of unclassified_f_Ruminococcaceae the water extract of G.rhizoma and Gastrodia elata powder decreased the relative abundance of norank_f_Erysipelotrichaceae.The results showed that compared with the normal group,the content of TCHO in liver tissue was significantly increased.Compared with model group,the content of TCHO in liver tissue was significantly decreased in the high-dose group of water extract in Chijian and the low-dose group of water extract in G.rhizoma,and G.elata powder,while the content of HL was significantly increased in the high-dose group of water extract in Chijian,suggesting that the water extract of Chijian and G.rhizoma and Gastrodia elata powder have certain effect of lowering blood lipid.The results showed that compared with the model control group,at the genus level,the water extract of Chijian and the water extract of G.rhizoma decreased the relative abundance of Akkermansia;The water extract of Chijian increased the relative abundance of unclassified_f_Prevotellaceae;the water extract of G.rhizoma increased the relative abundance of Allobaculum.The results showed that there was no statistical diference in each index between the water extracts of Chijian and G.rhizoma,compared with the model group,suggesting that the water extracts of Chijian and G.rhizoma had no hypoglycemic effect on streptozotocin-induced diabetes in mice within the test dose range.Conclusion:The total amount of 6 components in the powder,the alcohol and the water extract of Chijian was higher than or close to that of the corresponding extract of G.rhizoma.;The pharmacological activity of the water extract of Chijian is similar to that of the water extract of G.rhizoma.,indicating that Chijian is worthy of further research and development.The intestinal bacteria study and weight loss and fat reduction experiments showed that the water extract of Chijian and the water extract of G.rhizoma could reduce the relative abundance of the harmful bacteria of Erysipelotrichaceae and Akkermansia,increase the relative abundance of the beneficial bacteria of Prevotellaceae.The results further showed that the occurrence of metabolic diseases was closely related to the imbalance of intestinal flora,and the water extracts of Chijian and G.rhizoma may play a role in improve immunity,weight loss and lipid reduction by improving intestinal flora structure.