| ObjectiveBy describing the mother-infant interaction behavior of 3-month-old infants and their mothers in the process of exclusive breast-feeding and artificial feeding in China,the differences of mother-infant interaction behavior between the two groups were compared and the influencing factors were explored,so as to provide evidence-based basis for the discovery of high-risk factors affecting early mother-infant interaction,and to provide objective basis for the targeted development of high-risk infant feeding,mother-infant interaction guidance and family nursing practice.Methods273 pairs of 3-month-old infants and their mothers in Qingdao,Chongqing,Liuzhou and Ma’anshan were selected as the research objects.Among them,150 pairs were exclusive breast-feeding and 123 pairs were artificial feeding.A self-developed questionnaire was used to obtain sociodemographic data of the 3-month-old mother-infant pair,pregnancy and birth history,and the infant’s daily feeding situation and then using scales to evaluate infant temperament,mother’s depression and parenting confidence.Based on the video collection of feeding process,the Feeding Ratings subscale of Interaction Rating Scale(IRS)was used to evaluate the maternal infant interaction in the feeding process.The differences in IRS scale scores and mother-infant interaction indicators between the exclusive breastfeeding group and the artificial feeding group was analyze by single factor analysis;The optimal scale regression method was used to analyze the influence of sociodemographic data,daily infant feeding situation and mother-infant psychological factors on mother-infant interaction.The influence of feeding mode on the interaction index of mother and baby was analyzed by using the binary logistic regression method to control other factors.Results1.In terms of daily feeding,this study found that there were significant differences in feeding intervals and times of feeding among different feeding methods(P<0.05).The average feeding interval of exclusive breast-feeding infants was 2.73±0.73 hours,lower than that of artificial feeding infants(2.98±0.59 hours).The frequency of feeding was 7.52±1.03 times,more than that of artificial feeding infants(7.20±0.92 times).2.IRS scale was used to evaluate the video of feeding process,the IRS scores of mothers in exclusive breast-feeding group and artificial feeding group were 2.55±0.25 and 2.54±0.22,and the IRS scores of infants were 2.35±0.38 and 2.28±0.34,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).According to the specific indicators of mother-infant interaction,the study found that there were significant differences between the two feeding methods in six indicators:mother’s feeding posture,mother’s state,mother’s physical activity,mother’s adherence to feeding,infant’s gaze behavior and infant’s feeding expression(P<0.05).The proportion of head and lower limbs and frequent limb activity of mothers in the exclusive breast-feeding group were higher than that of the artificial feeding group(44.0%v.s.17.1%;6.7%v.s.2.4%),the proportion of persistent feeding after the rejection of nipple was lower than that of the artificial feeding group(31.3%v.s.46.3%);the proportion of frequent gaze mothers in the exclusive breastfeeding group was higher than that of the artificial feeding group(27.3%v.s 18.7%).The proportion of occasional smile or”satisfied" expression was higher than that of artificial feeding group(22.0%v.s.8.9%).3.Objective to explore the influencing factors of mother-infant interaction in the process of feeding through single factor and multi factor analysis.Chi square test results showed that there were significant differences in the IRS scores of mothers in terms of parents’ education level and whether the baby had brothers or sisters(P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the infants’ IRS scores were negatively correlated with the score of rhythmic temperament and persistence temperament r=-0.167,P<0.01;r=-0.127,P=0.036),and positively correlated with the score of mother’s emotion(r=0.127,P=0.036).That is,the better the rhythm and persistence of the baby,the higher the score of depression of the mother,and the better the interaction of the baby.The results of optimal scale regression showed that mothers’IRS scores were correlated with family per capita monthly income and infant temperament(standardized β=-0.141,P=0.017;standardized β=0.108,P=0.035).The lower the family per capita monthly income and the easier the infant temperament,the higher the score of mother interaction.The infants’ IRS scores were associated with birth weight and maternal emotion(standardized β=-0.141,P-0.023;standardizedβ=0.137,P=0.045).That is,the lower the baby’s birth weight,the higher the score of mother’s emotion,and the higher the score of infant interaction.Binary logistic analysis showed that the possibility of exclusive breast-feeding mothers to encircle the baby’s head and lower limbs was 4.708 times higher than that of artificial feeding mothers(95%CI=2.104-10.536).The rate of frequent gaze at mother and occasional smile or "satisfied" expression in exclusive breast-feeding infants was 2.124 times and 3.014 times higher than that in artificial feeding infants,respectively(95%CI=1.028-4.38;95%CI=1.124-8.078).ConclusionsDifferent feeding methods have an important influence on the daily feeding times of infants and the behavior of mother-infant interaction in the process of feeding.It is necessary for medical staff to pay attention to the impact of risk factors such as artificial feeding,cesarean section and mother’s mood on mother-infant interaction,and provide targeted monitoring and intervention services for high-risk infants. |
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