| Objective: This project aims to measure the expression of Smads family proteins in the ligamentum flavum.HE staining light microscope to observe the tissue morphology of the ligamentum flavum,revealing the relationship between liver and kidney deficiency and degeneration of the lumbar ligamentum flavum,as well as the expression of Smad protein and its tissue The relationship between morphological changes and the mechanism of liver and kidney deficiency in the degeneration of the lumbar ligamentum flavum will provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of degenerative diseases of the lumbar ligamentum flavum.In the future,it will be better to use Chinese medicine to treat degenerative spinal diseases.treatment.Methods: From January 2020 to February 2021,a total of 80 cases of ligamentum flavum extracted during surgery from patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis diagnosed as degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis and simple lumbar disc herniation were selected as the experimental group.Patients in the degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis group were diagnosed as tendon bizu or lumbar and leg pain by traditional Chinese medicine,and liver and kidney deficiency type were selected as the experimental group.Group of patients with simple lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion of traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis of lumbocrural pain,differentiation of qi and blood stasis type as the control group in preoperative patients with two groups of blood should be over 12 hours on an empty stomach,extraction of 5 ～ 10 ml of venous blood,blood natural room temperature solidification 10 ～ 20 minutes,clear fluid collection,will stay with the supernatant placed in refrigerator spare minus 80 degrees,using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method in the detection of serum sex hormone levels;The experimental specimens were obtained from patients undergoing posterior total laminectomy and decompression.The extracted ligamentum flavum tissues were immediately cleaned with sterile saline and put into the prepared sterile specimen tube.Once the tube was poured into 10% formalin solution and soaked completely,the tubes were fixed for 24 hours and then sent to the laboratory for embedded sections.In test tube 2,the collected ligamentum flavum tissues were quickly frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored in a negative80 refrigerator.In test tube 1,the histological morphology of the two groups of specimens was observed by HE staining light microscopy.In test tube 2,the expression of Smad1,Smad2 and Smad7 in the two groups of specimens was detected by Western blot.Result:1.Pathological changes of the ligamentum flavum with liver and kidney deficiency :In the non-liver and kidney deficiency group,there are a large number of elastic fibers placed in parallel.The thick elastic fibers are parallel to the fiber bundles with approximately the same diameter in the direction of tension.They are usually offset and connected to transfer the branches that form a network structure.In the group with liver and kidney deficiency,the structure of the ligamentum flavum fiber is damaged,the elastic fiber is reduced to varying degrees,relatively sparse,and the shape is irregular,and the local fiber is wavy,thinned or broken.The elastic fiber penetrates and disappears.Proliferation of fibrochondrocytes can be observed,and calcium salt deposition can be seen in local collagen fibers.2.Changes of sex hormones under liver and kidney deficiency:It was found that the expression level of FSH in the liver and kidney deficiency group(29.83±1.33)was higher than that in the qi stagnation and blood stasis group(12.26±0.93),P<0.01;serum estradiol was in the liver and kidney deficiency group(12.91± The expression of 2.87)was lower than that of the Qi stagnation and blood stasis group(32.42±5.04),P<0.01;the expression of testosterone in the liver and kidney deficiency group(22.68±1.65)was lower than that of the Qi stagnation and blood stasis group(26.61±0.93),P<0.010.01;the expression level of progesterone in the liver and kidney deficiency group(0.31±0.05)was lower than that in the qi stagnation and blood stasis group(0.67±0.07),P<0.01;the expression levels of luteinizing hormone and pituitary prolactin in the two groups were P >0.05,no statistical significance.It can be seen that the expression of sex hormones is significantly different between the liver and kidney deficiency group and the qi stagnation and blood stasis group.Therefore,it is speculated that the level of sex hormone secretion can also reflect the status and degree of liver and kidney deficiency.3.Changes in Smads protein of liver and kidney deficiency: The experimental data shows that the expression of Smad1 protein in the liver and kidney deficiency group(0.86±0.07)is higher than that in the Qi stagnation and blood stasis group(0.70±0.03),P<0.05,Smad2 protein is in the liver and kidney The expression of deficiency group(0.88±0.03)was higher than that of qi stagnation and blood stasis group(0.71±0.05),P < 0.05,statistically significant,indicating that liver and kidney deficiency and the expression of Smad1 and Smad2 protein in the ligamentum flavum tissue There is a positive correlation.The expression of Smad7 protein in the liver and kidney deficiency group(0.62±0.02)was lower than that in the qi stagnation and blood stasis group(0.87±0.04),P<0.05,which was statistically significant,indicating that the liver and kidney deficiency and Smad7 protein were in the ligamentum flavum tissue The expression of is negatively correlated.Conclusion: Liver and kidney deficiency may be one of the causes of accelerated ligamentum flavum tissue fibrosis;the degree of liver and kidney deficiency may affect the expression level of sex hormones;liver and kidney deficiency is positively correlated with the expression of Smad1 and Smad2 in the ligamentum flavum tissue.Negative correlation with the expression of Smad7 protein. |
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