A Systematic Review And Meta-analysis Of The Environmental Risk Factors Of Congenital Microtia

ObjectiveAt present,it is believed that microtia is caused by the combination of environment and genes,and environmental factors may affect the expression of genes to cause congenital microtia.At present,many studies have explored the environmental pathogenic factors of congenital microtia,but no decisive results have been obtained.Therefore,we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the relationship between congenital microtia and environmental pathogenic factors.MethodsWe search the PubMed,EMBASE and Web of Science databases for case-control research articles published from January 2000 to October 2020,select the articles according to the inclusion criteria,conduct a systematic review,and use the Review Manager 5 software for data processing to evaluate the collection Analyze the results.ResultsAmong the 2180 articles,according to the inclusion criteria,we obtained 18 research articles for systematic review,and performed meta-analysis on 15 research articles.The results showed:obesity during pregnancy(OR=1.25,95%CI=1.08-1.46),history of miscarriage(OR=2.57,95%CI=1.56-4.24),multiple births(OR=1.47,95%CI=1.10-1.97),Pregnancy history(OR=1.56,95%CI=1.12-2.17)flu-like symptoms during pregnancy(OR=2.89,95%CI=2.27-3.52),symptoms of inflammatory infection during pregnancy(OR=3.33,95%CI=2.06-5.40),diabetes during pregnancy(OR=1.53,95%CI=1.27-1.84),taking progesterone during pregnancy(OR=2.73,95%CI=1.84-4.06),taking traditional Chinese medicine during pregnancy(OR=2.01,95%CI=1.30-3.10),antibiotics intake during pregnancy(OR=1.69,95%CI=1.17-2.46),chemical exposure during pregnancy(CI=1.73,95%CI=1.30-2.32),ionizing radiation exposure during pregnancy(OR=1.56,95%CI=1.08-2.25)are risk factors for congenital microtia;taking folic acid during pregnancy(OR=0.56,95%CI=0.43-0.74)is a protective factor for congenital microtia.ConclusionsThrough systematic review and meta-analysis,we believe that obesity during pregnancy,history of miscarriage,multiple births,history of pregnancy,flu-like symptoms during pregnancy,inflammatory infection symptoms during pregnancy,diabetes during pregnancy,progesterone during pregnancy,traditional Chinese medicine during pregnancy,antibiotics during pregnancy,Chemical exposure during pregnancy and exposure to ionizing radiation during pregnancy are risk factors for congenital microtia and are statistically significant;while taking folic acid during pregnancy may be a protective factor for congenital microtia.In order to clarify the pathogenic factors of congenital microtia,more and higher-quality related studies are still needed for further in-depth exploration.