Analysis Of Oral Health Status And Influencing Factors Of Elderly People In Community

Background: With the development of society,economy and culture,all parts of the world are facing the current situation of population aging.The highly aging population has aroused people’s wide attention to the health problems of the elderly.As one of the diseases with the highest incidence rate,oral diseases have become an important public health problem threatening the physical and mental health of the elderly at home and abroad.Oral diseases are characterized by slow progression and good prevention is more important than treatment.Therefore,assessing the oral health status of the elderly and identifying the factors that affect the oral health of the elderly will help to formulate effective intervention measures to improve the oral health level of the elderly.Objective: Develop an oral health assessment method suitable for the elderly in China,use this method to investigate the current oral health status of the elderly in the community,analyze its influencing factors,and provide a scientific basis for developing oral health prevention strategies for the elderly.Methods:1.The oral health assessment scale was translated according to the Brislin’s two-person translation and back-translation model,and the scale was modified and adjusted through expert consultation and small sample pre-experiment,so as to form a Chinese version of OHAT.Then 200 elderly people in the community were selected for oral health assessment to verify the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of OHAT.2.Using convenient sampling method,213 elderly people in a community in City of Shiyan were selected.Participant data was collected using a self-designed general data questionnaire,the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire(PSQI),and the Oral Health Knowledge Belief and Behavior Questionnaire.SPSS software was used to describe and analyze the data,Using correlation analysis to study the relationship between oral health and general information,sleep quality,oral health knowledge,belief,behavior and multiple linear regression analysis of influencing factors of elderly oral health.Results:1.There were 8 items in the Chinese version of OHAT,item analysis indicated each item in the critical ratio was significant different(P<0.01),the overall content validity index(CVI)was 0.875,the CVI for the different items were 0.8 ～ 1.0.Three factors were extracted by factor analysis,which could explain 65.218% of the total variance and each factor loading quantity was more than 0.4.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that each index reached the ideal value.The Cronbach’s α coefficient for the total scale was 0.710,the test-retest reliability was 0.876,and the inter-rater reliability was 0.878.2.The scores of oral health status of 213 elderly people in the community were(5.77±2.57),the median score of sleep quality was 3 points,and the scores of oral health knowledge,belief and behavior were(9.85±3.08),(8.04±2.60)and(31.36 ± 7.50).Age,gender,education level,sleep quality,oral health knowledge,belief and behavior entered the regression equation to jointly explain75.6% of the total variation of oral health(OHAT),among which the oral health behavior variable(β=-0.456)had the greatest impact on oral health.Conclusion:1.The Chinese version of OHAT has good reliability and validity and can be used as a tool for oral health assessment of the elderly.2.The oral health status of the elderly in the community is at a relatively low level.Age,gender,education,sleep quality,oral health knowledge,belief,and behavior are the influencing factors of elderly oral health.Among them,oral health behavior is the strongest influencing factor.Community medical workers should pay attention to the oral health status of the elderly,and develop effective interventions to improve the oral health of the elderly.