A Study Of Developmental Characteristics Of Retrieval-induced Forgetting In Adolescents And Its Relationship With Depression

Retrieval-induced forgetting(RIF)refers to the phenomenon that part of the memory associated with a certain type of cue during retrieval exercise leads to the forgetting of other memory associated with the cue,which mainly reflects the inhibition and control ability in memory retrieval.In recent years,inhibition and control ability is an important indicator for individuals to produce RIF,and there are few comparative studies on extraction induced amnesia in different age groups,which need further exploration.In this study,three experiments were conducted to explore the mechanism of extraction induced forgetting in primary school students,high school students,college students and individuals with inhibitory control defects,so as to prove the influence of memory inhibition on RIF,and to provide some Suggestions for students’ cognitive development and learning strategies to some extent.Experiment1 adopts a three-factor mixed experiment design of 2(subject type:grade 5 and grade 6)×2(item competitive intensity: stronger,weaker)×3(item type:Rp+,Rp-,Nrp).The results showed that the fifth and sixth grade students did not produce RIF under high and low competition intensity.Experiment 2 adopts a three-factor mixed experiment design of 4(subject type: grade 1,grade 2,grade 3 and college student)×2(item competitive intensity: stronger,weaker)×3(item type: Rp+,Rp-,Nrp).The results showed that there was no RIF in the students in grade one,grade two and grade three,RIF is produced by college students under the high competition intensity of the project.Experiment 3 adopted a three-factor mixed experiment design of 2(subject type: depression group,control group)× 2(item competitive intensity: stronger,weaker)× 3(item type: Rp+,Rp-,Nrp).The results showed that there were inhibition and control defects in memory extraction of depressed college students,and the inhibitive RIF generated under high project competition intensity was not affected by the related costs and benefits.Under this experimental condition show that:(1)The memory inhibition ability of primary school students is in the rising stage,with low inhibition and control ability and anti-interference ability,so no RIF is produced;(2)The cognitive development of high school students is not mature and they fail to produce RIF;(3)Depressed college students have inhibition and control defects in memory extraction,which affect the existence of RIF.