| Objective1.To investigate the relationship between dietary pattern and carotid atherosclerosis(CA)according to the data from the Tianjin chronic low systemic inflammation and health cohort(TCLSIH)and then providing more evidence for CA early prevention and improvement.2.Dietary patterns are closely related to regional culture,and there are different dietary patterns in different regions,which may cause different results in researches.The relationship between dietary patterns and CA is discussed among the population of Tianjin to provide more clues for the researches on CA around the world.MethodsThe study population was from the TCLSIH cohort and they participated in annual routine health examination from 2017 to 2019.A total of 6,798 people were enrolled.After excluding people who did not complete questionnaire information and have a history of diseases such as hypertension,hyperlipidemia,diabetes and cancer,there were a total of 5,791 people remaining finally.All participants gave written informed consent before participating.Food frequency questionnaire,physical examination,laboratory examination and more information were collected for each participant.According to the dietary data,participants were divided into four groups based on dietary patterns’ scores extracted by factor analysis.The definition of carotid atherosclerosis(CA)was based on carotid intima media thickness(CIMT)and carotid plaque.Logistic regression and variance analysis were used to compare the differences of basic characteristics among groups according to their different dietary pattern’s scores or whether they had CA or not.The relationship between dietary patterns and CA was analyzed by logistic regression using the median score for dietary patterns as the independent variable and CA as the dependent variable.ResultsThe prevalence of CA was 29.1% in the total population(average age,49.54 ? 10.61 years),34.4% in the male population(average age,49.5 ? 10.3 years)and 22.4% in the female population(average age,49.5 ? 11.0 years).Three dietary patterns were extracted by factor analysis: vegetable dietary pattern,animal food dietary pattern,sweet food and fruit dietary pattern.After adjusting for age and sex,the baseline characteristics of the total population with and without CA or with different dietary patterns were compared,and the differences in age,body mass index,waist circumference,blood lipid,blood pressure and disease history were statistically significant(P < 0.05).Results were similar in gender stratification.In the total population,after adjusting for all potential confounders,the three dietary patterns were not associated with CA in the final model,and the differences were not statistically significant.For vegetable dietary patterns,in the final model of the male population,the odds ratio(95% confidence interval)of CA in the second,third and fourth subgroups were 1.38(1.06,1.78),1.37(1.04,1.80),and 1.41(1.03,1.91)(trend P < 0.05),compared with the reference.In the final model of the female population,none of the three dietary patterns was associated with CA.ConclusionVegetables dietary pattern was positively associated with CA among male population in Tianjin.No association between vegetables dietary pattern and CA was observed in the total population and the female population.The dietary patterns of animal food or sweets and fruits were not associated with CA in any population.More prospective researches are needed to explore the association between vegetables dietary pattern and CA in current study. |
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