Effects Of Smad2,Smad5 And Smad7 Proteins On Fibrosis Progression Of Vesicular Hepatic Echinococcosis

Purpose:To observe the protein expressions of Smad2,Smad5 and Smad7 in liver tissues of patients with vacuolar hepatic echinococcosis,and analyze the role of each protein subtype in the progression of hepatic fibrosis in vacuolar hepatic echinococcosis,the change of expression levels and their potential relationship.Methods:Intraoperative liver tissue samples were collected from 20 patients with alveolar-type hepatic echinococcosis,and each case was divided into edge of the lesion group A（within 0.5cm of the lesion）,edge of the lesion group B（within 0.5-1.5cm of the lesion）,and control group C（liver tissue about 2cm from the lesion）.The specimens were stained with HE and Masson to detect the fibrosis of each tissue,and the protein expressions of Smad2,Smad5 and Smad7 were detected by Western blotting.Through correlation analysis,the intrinsic relationship between Smad2,Smad5 and Smad7proteins and HF level as well as the correlation between each protein were analyzed.Results:In the samples of 20 patients,grade 1（n=2,14）and grade 2 liver fibrosis（n=18,6）were found in the tissues of para-lesion group A and B,and no local grade 3liver fibrosis was found.Moreover,the closer the adjacent tissues were to the lesion,the higher the degree of fibrosis was,which was statistically significant（P<0.001）.Western blot analysis showed that in the same tissue,the closer to the lesion,the higher the protein expression levels of Smad2 and Smad5（F=48.336,75.988）and the lower the protein expression levels of Smad7（F=44.202）were statistically significant（P<0.001）;In different tissues,the higher the fibrosis grade was,the higher the expression levels of Smad2 and Smad5 were（F=104.437,128.238）,and the lower the protein expression levels of Smad7 were（F=92.626）,all of which were statistically significant（P<0.05）.In the adjacent tissues of vacuolized liver hydatid disease（grade1-2 liver fibrosis）,Smad7 was negatively correlated with the expression levels of Smad2 and Smad5,with the correlation coefficient R of-0.830 and-0.780,respectively;Smad5 was positively correlated with the expression levels of Smad2,with the correlation coefficient r of 0.795,both of which were statistically significant（P<0.01）.In addition,by excluding the confounding factors,the three factors were controlled separately,and it was found that when each factor was controlled,it was still correlated with the same trend before the control.Conclusion:The degree of local liver fibrosis in patients with Px J₀V₀M₀ subtype of vacuolar hydatid disease is usually 1-2,and Smad2,Smad5 and Smad7 factors are involved in its regulation process.In the mechanism of grade 0-2 local liver fibrosis,we believe that Smad2 plays a positive role in promoting liver fibrosis,while Smad7 plays a certain role in inhibiting liver fibrosis,while whether Smad5 plays a role in inhibiting liver fibrosis remains to be further studied.Smad2 and Smad5 promote or inhibit each other in the mechanism of local liver fibrosis in vacuolar hydatid disease.Meanwhile,with the continuous high expression of Smad5 in the course of liver fibrosis,Smad5may be closely associated with the localized HF in patients with vacuolar hydatid disease PxJ₀V₀M₀ type.