Study On The Clinical Significance Of Lung Diffusion Function Test Inadult Patients Between Bronchial Asthma And COPD

ObjectiveBy comparing the clinical and imaging data and pulmonary function indexes of patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,to provide a theoretical basis for the early identification and early intervention of adult asthma and COPD.MethodCollect the information of 40 cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and 48 cases of adult asthma from August 1,2017 to August 1,2020 in Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital,to get the general condition(name,age,sex,body surface area,hemoglobin,etc.),hematological index,ventilatory function index:FEV1/FVC,FEV1%,diffusion function index:TLCO,TLCO/VA to analyze.Results1.Of the 48 patients with asthma,28 were women(58.3%),20 were men(41.7%),the youngest was 49 years old and the oldest was 83 years old.Of the 40patients with COPD,25 were men(62.5%)and 15 were women(37.5%),the youngest was 44 years old,the oldest is 74.There was no significant difference in Sex,Age,body mass index(BMI),body surface area(BSA)and hemoglobin(HGB)between the two groups(χ~2=3.79,z=-1.825,z=-0.134,t=-0.954,t=-0.122,P>0.05).2.In the two groups,20 cases(41.7%)of the patients with asthma showed chronic focus and thickening of tracheal wall,and 27 cases(67.5%)of the patients with COPD showed chronic emphysema and inflammation.In clinical manifestations,33 asthma patients(68.8%)presented with chest tightness,cough and asthma,10 with dry cough(20.8%),24 with recurrent cough and sputum(60%)and 16 with chest tightness and cough(40%).3.There was no significant difference in the classification of airway inflammation between the two groups(z=-0.301,P>0.05).Among the hematologic indexes,28(66.7%)patients with asthma and 14(33.3%)patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,there was significant difference in the eosinophil granulocyte count between the two diseases(z=-2.195,P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the neutrophil count between the two diseases(t=0.537,P>0.05).4.The forced expiratory capacity(PEF)in 75%and 50%patients with COPD was significantly lower than that in asthma(t=2.59,T=2.924,P<0.05).5.The diffusion capacity of lung carbon monoxide(CO),accounting for%of the estimated value,was significantly lower in asthma group than in COPD group(t=-2.003,T=3.225,P<0.05),the specific diffusion volume(KCO)and the percentage of the predicted value were significantly lower than those in COPD group(t=-5.431,t=5.932,P<0.001),but there was no significant difference in pulmonary diffusion function between COPD group(t=0.287,T=-0.99,P>0.05).ConclusionThe measurement of carbon monoxide diffusion function is of great significance for the differential diagnosis of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Clinically,it can be combined with the patient’s smoking history,chest CT images,lung diffusion function,expiratory flow rate and other indicators to differentially diagnose adult asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.