Research On Clinical Characteristics And Hospital Adverse Events Of Female Acute Myocardial Infarction

Objective:To compare the clinical features and coronary artery imaging features of female patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI),and analyze the risk factors affecting the prognosis of female patients with AMI and the occurrence of hospital adverse events in female patients with AMI.Methods: female AMI patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Cardiology,Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from September 2017 to December 2020 were retrospectively collected and set as the study group.In the same period,female patients who were admitted into hospital with chest pain symptoms and negative coronary angiography were set as the control group.The differences in clinical data between the two groups were compared,and Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the risk factors of female AMI according to the difference indicators between the two groups.According to the years since menopause,they were divided into premenopause group,menopause for less than 10 years group,and menopause for more than 10 years group.The clinical data,Gensini score,coronary artery culprit vessels,the number of vessel lesions and the incidence of hospital adverse events in each group were compared.According to the type of AMI,the patients were divided into STEMI group and NSTEMI group.The differences in Gensini score,coronary artery culprit vessels,the number of diseased vessels and hospital adverse events between the two groups were compared.SPSS25.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:1.Clinical data: There were significant differences in age,smoking history,hypertension history,diabetes mellitus history and diastolic pressure on admission between AMI group and control group(P < 0.05);there were significant differences in WBC,NEUT,MONO,TC,LDL-C,Apo B,MHR,NLR,NMP and others(P < 0.05),and the AMI group was higher than the control group;RBC and Apo A1 were also statistically significant,and the study group was lower than the control group(P < 0.05);Age,WBC and LDL-C were independent risk factors for AMI.Premenopausal group,menopausal group under 10 years,menopausal group over 10 years: age,smoking history,diabetes history,admission diastolic blood pressure showed significant differences(P < 0.05);There were also significant differences in WBC,LYMPH,RBC,TG and LPa(P < 0.05).2.Characteristics of coronary artery lesions: premenopause group,menopause for less than10 years group and menopause for more than 10 years group: There were significant differences in the number of single-vessel,double-vessel and multi-vessel lesions among the three groups(P < 0.05).Multiple comparisons showed that there was statistically significant difference in single-vessel lesion between premenopause group and menopause for more than 10 years group,as well as between menopause for less than 10 years group and menopause for more than 10 years group(P < 0.05).Among them,the proportion of premenopause group and menopause for less than 10 years group was equal,and the proportion of menopause for less than 10 years group was relatively small;there was significant difference in double-vessel lesion between menopause for less than 10 years group and menopause for more than 10 years group(P < 0.05),and the proportion of menopause for more than 10 years group was larger;There was no significant difference in multi-vessel lesion among the groups(P > 0.05).There was no significant difference in coronary culprit vessels and Gensini score among the groups(P > 0.05).There were significant differences in LM,LAD,LCX,RCA of culprit vessels between STEMI group and NSTEMI group(P < 0.05).Multiple comparisons showed that there was statistically significant difference in LCX between the two groups(P < 0.05),and the proportion in NSTEMI group was higher than that in STEMI group;RCA also showed significant difference between the two groups(P < 0.05),and the STEMI group was higher than the NSTEMI group.There was no significant difference in the number of vessel lesions and Gensini score between the two groups(P > 0.05).3.Hospital adverse events: There was no significant difference in the incidence of hospital adverse events among premenopause group,menopause for less than 10 years group and menopause for more than 10 years group(P > 0.05).There was a significant difference in the incidence of hospital adverse events between STEMI group and NSTEMI group(χ2 =7.601,P=0.006 < 0.05),and the STEMI group was higher than the NSTEMI group.Conclusion:1.Female AMI patients are older in onset,and the proportion of smoking history,hypertension history and diabetes history is higher;MHR,NLR and NMP are significantly higher than those in the control group;Age,WBC and LDL-C are independent risk factors for female AMI.2.Among single-vessel lesions,the premenopause group accounts for the same proportion as menopause for less than 10 years group,while the proportion in menopause for more than 10 years group is small;among two-vessel lesions,menopause for less than 10 years group has a larger proportion.The proportion of LCX in NSTEMI group is higher than that in STEMI group,while the proportion of RCA in STEMI group is higher than that in NSTEMI group.3.The incidence of hospital adverse events in STEMI group was higher than that in NSTEMI group..