| Objective:Through the analysis of the clinical case data of patients with non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate in the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University,to understand the epidemiological characteristics of non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate,and to preliminarily explore the differences of pathogenic factors among different types of non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate,in order to provide clinical basis for the etiological research and prevention of non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate.Methods:This study retrospectively investigated the data of 1983 patients with non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate in the affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University in the past 10 years.The collected data were entered into the EXCEL table and statistically analyzed by SPSS23.0 software.Results:1.The type and composition ratio of cleft lip and palate: the simple cleft lip(CL)was 713 cases(36.0%),simple cleft palate(CP)was 568 cases(28.6%),cleft lip with cleft palate(CL+P)was 702 cases(35.4%).2.Unilateral and bilateral fissure and its composition ratio:Patients with simple cleft lip(CL)were unilateral: bilateral =5.9:1.Patients with pure cleft palate(CP)were Unilateral:bilateral =62.1:1.Unilateral cleft lip with cleft palate(CL+P): bilateral =2.5:1.3.The left and right sides of cleft lip and palate and its composition ratio: The left side of unilateral cleft lip:the right side = 1.6:1.In unilateral cleft lip with cleft palate,left: right =1.8:1.4.Gender and composition ratio: The male to female ratio of the overall data was 1.3:1,in which the ratio of cleft lip(CL)alone was 1.5:1,that of cleft palate(CP)alone was 0.7:1,and that of cleft lip combined with cleft palate(CL+P)was 2.0:1.5.Ethnic Composition:Han patients with cleft lip and palate were significantly more than other ethnic minorities,accounting for 78.5%.6.Months of birth and composition ratio: The number of cleft lip and palate patients born in May,June and July is the least,that is,the number of patients born in summer is less than that in other seasons.7.Family genetic history: There were 184 patients with family genetic history in this data,accounting for 9.3%.First degree relatives accounted for 61.4%.8.Regional distribution and composition ratio: Most of the cleft lip and palate patients lived in Zunyi,accounting for 68.0%.9.Residence and constituent ratio of patients with cleft lip and palate: 227 cases(47.6%)came from urban areas.There were 250 cases from rural areas,accounting for 52.4%,rural:urban =1.1:1.10.Birth orders of patients with cleft lip and palate:There are 199 cases with the first order,accounting for 41.7%,278 cases with the second order and above,accounting for 58.3%.11.The age of the mother and composition at the time of pregnancy: The 35-39 years old group and the ≥40 years old group were looked at the elderly group,namely there were 57 patients whose mothers were elderly pregnant women,accounting for 12.0%.12.Parents’ education level:There were 348 parents with low education level,accounting for 73.0%,and 129 parents had high education level,accounting for 27.0%.Environmental factors related to cleft lip and palate:13.The prevalence rate of mothers in early pregnancy was 39.4%,mainly colds,of which119 cases had a history of taking medicine,accounting for 24.9%.Only 12 cases(2.5%)of mothers were active smokers.There were 412 cases of maternal passive smokers,accounting for 86.4%.147 cases had severe pregnancy reaction,accounting for 30.8%.103cases(21.6%)of mothers had bad mood.305 cases(63.9%)were supplemented with folic acid by mothers.Before the three months when the mother became pregnant,the father had occupational exposure in 196 cases(41.1%),smoking in 318 cases(66.7%),and drinking in 211 cases(44.2%).Conclusion: 1.Among the patients with cleft lip and palate in Zunyi area,simple cleft lip accounted for the majority of cleft lip and palate types.Unilateral cleft lip and palate was more than bilateral cleft lip and palate.Left cleft lip and palate was more than right cleft lip and palate.More males than females is the gender difference of cleft lip and palate in this area,while simple cleft palate is more female than male.The number of cleft lip and palate patients born in May,June and July was the least.The proportion of genetic factors in the occurrence of CL and CL+P was higher than that of CP,and the closer the genetic relationship in each type of cleft lip and palate was,the more likely it was to be passed on to offspring.Most of the patients in this data were distributed in Zunyi area,and there are more cleft lip and palate patients in rural areas than in urban areas.3.Compared with the whole country or other regions,the characteristic differences of epidemiological characteristics in Zunyi region were as follows: simple cleft lip was dominant in Zunyi region,while cleft lip combined with cleft palate was dominant in whole country or other regions such as Guangxi region,which may be caused by the differences in the incidence rates of various types of cleft lip and palate among different regions and different populations.Birth season and composition of patients with cleft lip and palate,Zunyi area was the most born in autumn and the least born in summer,while Northeast China had the largest proportion born in summer and the least in spring and winter,which may be because the same month may represent different climate changes in different regions.4.The constituent ratio of the second birth and above in all types of cleft lip and palate patients was higher than that of the first birth.The older pregnant women may increase the risk of cleft lip and palate in this area.The educational level of parents with low educational level was significantly higher than that with high educational level.There were significant differences in folic acid supplementation between CL and CL+P,CP and CL+P in the early stage of interpregnancy.There was no significant difference in related factors among different types of non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate. |
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