Comparative Study On The Alkaloids In The Medicinal And Non-Medicinal Parts Of Sophora Tonkinensis

Sophora tonkinensis,a genus Sophora plant,mainly distributed in Guangxi provinces,Yunnan and Guizhou Province also have a small distribution.Lack of wild resources of this plant,its roots and rhizomes are used in medicine,with clearing heat and detoxification,swelling and pharynx and other functions.The aerial parts of S.tonkinensis,as the non-medicinal parts,were always discarded during harvesting,resulting in a huge waste of resources and environmental pressure.We studied the chemical constituents of the medicinal and non-medicinal parts of S.tonkinensis,and isolated and identified 25 quinolizidine alkaloids from its the roots and rhizomes of S.tonkinensis,including 14 matrine-type alkaloids and 3 sparteine-type alkaloids and 6cytisine-type alkaloids and 2 other type alkaloid.A new compound was identified by means of 1D,2D-NMR,and HR-ESI-MS,and it was named as12-（1-acetoxyethyl）cytisine（23）.A phytochemical investigation on alkaloid extracts from the aerial parts of S.tonkinensis resulted in the isolation of 18 quinolizidine alkaloids,including 10 matrine-type alkaloids and 4 sparteine-type alkaloids and 3cytisine-type alkaloids and one other type alkaloid.Two new compounds were identified by means of 1D,2D-NMR,and HR-ESI-MS,and they were named（-）-5-hydoxy-7,11-dehydromatrine（32）,（-）-11-Hydroxylupanine（40）.All the isolated compounds were screened for anti-H1N1 influenza virus and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro,and the results showed that they did not have significant anti-influenza activity,the anti-inflammatory activities of all the isolates on NO production in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide were evaluated.Among them,compounds matrine（1,26）,sophoranol（6,28）,N-methylcytisine（19,37）and N-ethylcytisine（20,38）displayed the obvious inhibition of NO production with IC₅₀values of 39.86±0.65,23.66±0.37,34.56±0.45,47.68±0.58μM,respectively.While the other compounds were less active or inactive(IC₅₀>50μM).Comparative analysis of of alkaloid composition and content between rhizome and aerial parts,the content of aerial parts is 27.4%of the rhizome from the total alkaloid content,and combined with the biological activity results,although the total alkaloid content of aerial parts is lower than that of rhizomes,the content of active components is higher,especially sophoranol,which has both anti-inflammatory and anti-influenza virus activity for its high content.In the context of the depletion of S.tonkinensis wild resources,artificial cultivation is difficult,the market supply exceeds short,although the large yield of non-medicinal parts,but the great waste of resources caused by discarding during plucking and processing,we conclude that the non-medicinal parts（aerial parts）of S.tonkinensis can be used as substitutes for rhizomes,and their pesticide effect may be better than that of rhizomes,the aerial parts are worthy of further preliminary conclusions of further medicinal research.