Changes Of Subjective And Objective Sleep Quality With Aging In The Elderly And The Effect On Visual And Spatial Memory

With the improvement of people’s living standard and the pursuit of healthy life,sleep quality,especially in old age,has gradually become a hot spot in the field of social and scientific research.Past studies have shown that sleep not only has important physiological significance,but also has an important impact on cognitive function.With the increase of age,the quantity and quality of sleep in the elderly have changed significantly.Compared with the young people,the elderly have shorter sleep duration,increased sleep latency,decreased sleep efficiency and fragmented sleep,and the decline of sleep quality is also related to the cognitive decline of the elderly.This study first explored the trend of subjective and objective sleep quality with aging,and then investigated the relationship between subjective and objective sleep and visual spatial memory in the elderly,and finally included subjective and objective sleep at the same time.To explore the mechanism of their common influence on visual spatial memory in the elderly.In the first study,the score of the elderly sleep nerve scale was taken as the subjective sleep index,and the sleep characteristics collected by the body motion recorder as the objective sleep index.The results showed that the quality of subjective and objective sleep in the elderly decreased with age,as follows: subjective sleep duration and subjective sleep efficiency decreased with age,subjective sleepiness increased with age.Objective sleep,objective sleep duration decreased with age,wakefulness and sleep fragmentation index increased with age.Further regression analysis showed that anxiety and depression had a significant effect on sleep,and the effect was more reflected in subjective sleep.The results showed that subjective sleep duration and subjective sleep efficiency decreased with anxiety,Pittsburgh Sleep quality Index rised with anxiety.In the second study,the visual spatial memory paradigm was used to investigate the relationship between subjective sleep and visual spatial memory.The results showed that the subjective sleep efficiency of the elderly could significantly predict the correct rate of item memory response and position memory.The higher the subjective sleep efficiency,the shorter the item memory response and the higher the correct rate of position memory.In the third study,the relationship between item memory and position memory and objective sleep index in visual spatial memory paradigm of the elderly was studied.The duration of arousal after sleep can effectively predict the correct rate of item memory response and position memory.The longer the awakening time after sleep,the longer the item memory response,and the lower the correct rate of position memory.The fourth study also included subjective and objective sleep indicators to investigate the mediating role of subjective and objective sleep in the process of age affecting visual spatial memory.The results show that subjective and objective sleep quality can completely mediate the effect of age on project memory response.In addition,subjective and objective sleep quality can partially mediate the effect of age on the correct rate of position memory.In summary,the results of this study showed that the subjective and objective sleep quality decreased with the aging elderly.At the same time,the decline of subjective sleep quality can effectively predict the changes of project memory response in the elderly in visual spatial memory tasks.The decline of objective sleep quality can effectively predict the response time and the correct rate of position memory in visual spatial memory tasks.Further parallel mediation analysis showed that subjective and objective sleep quality could mediate the effect of age on visual spatial memory.The results provide some guidance for the dimension of memory and sleep research.