| Objective: To understand the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of neonates with congenital syphilis,and to improve the level of clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods: The clinical data of 291 children with neonatal congenital syphilis admitted to the Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2010 to December 2018 were collected and retrospectively analyzed.Result:(1)From January 2010 to December 2018,a total of 291 children with neonatal congenital syphilis were admitted to our hospital,including 119cases(40.9%)in 2010 and 15 cases(5.15%)in 2018,showing an overall downward trend.(2)Among the 291 children,there were 166 males(57%)and 125females(43%).The male to female ratio was 1.33:1.(3)Among the 291 children,165(56.7%)children were from rural areas,and there were more rural areas than urban areas.(4)There were 161 cases of children whose mothers were diagnosed with syphilis infection before delivery,but only 46 cases received treatment.The survey of mothers’ occupations showed that 202 people(69.4%)had unemployed or agricultural mothers.(5)In this study,162 cases(55.7%)with elevated transaminase,147cases(50.5%)with myocardial damage,146 cases(50.2%)with skin damage,145 cases(49.8%)with pathological jaundice,and 139 cases with neonatal pneumonia Cases(47.8%),133 cases of neonatal anemia(45.7%),93 cases of bone damage(32%),75 cases of hypoproteinemia(25.9%),67cases(23%)of CRP elevation,35 cases of thrombocytopenia(12%),34cases(11.7%)with abnormal cerebrospinal fluid,25 cases(8.6%)with liver enlargement,21 cases(7.2%)with edema,17 cases(5.8%)with splenomegaly.(6)The premature birth rate(10.9% vs 27.3%)of children in the treatment group and the non-treatment group of mothers was less than gestational age(0 vs 11.8%),the rate of low birth weight infants(8.7% vs24.9%),and the rate of skin damage(34.8%vs53.1%),the rate of pathological jaundice(28.3%vs53.9%),the rate of liver enlargement(0vs10.2%),the rate of neonatal anemia(23.9%vs49.8%),and the rate of platelet reduction(2.2%vs13.9%),CRP increase rate(10.9%vs25.3%),bone damage rate(10.9%vs35.9%),the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05);There were no statistically significant differences in splenomegaly,neonatal pneumonia,edema,hypoalbuminemia,and elevated transaminases in children(P>0.05)(7)The rate of pathological jaundice(69.4%vs43.4%),the rate of liver enlargement(16.7%vs5.9%),and the rate of splenomegaly(13.9%vs3.2%)in the preterm infant group and the non-premature infant group.Edema rate(16.7%vs4.1%),neonatal pneumonia rate(72.2%vs39.7%),neonatal anemia rate(56.9%vs42.0%),thrombocytopenia rate(27.8%vs6.8%),CRP Increased rate(41.7%vs16.9%),hypoproteinemia rate(48.6%vs18.3%),the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05),the difference in skin damage and bone damage between the two groups It is not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:1.The number of neonatal congenital syphilis cases is on the decline.Generally speaking,there are more cases of congenital syphilis in rural areas than in urban areas.2.The clinical manifestations of neonatal congenital syphilis are diverse,lack of specific manifestations,and early diagnosis is difficult.3.Neonatal congenital syphilis can damage various systems,and the incidence of system damage in premature infants is higher.4.The treatment of syphilis during pregnancy can significantly reduce the incidence of system damage in children. |
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