A Study On The Correlation Between Mild Cognitive Impairment And Abnormal Gait Caused By Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

Objective:Study the relationship between cerebral small vascular disease(Cerebral Small Vascular Disease,CSVD)and mild cognitive impairment and gait,and to explore the possible pathogenesis of cognitive and motor dysfunction.Methods:(1)60 patients hospitalized in the Department of Neurology of the Hospital of Youjiang Medical College of Nationalities and the First Naval Hospital of Southern Theater of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army from October 2019 to January 2021.The above cases were divided into normal group(n = 20),cerebral small vessel disease without cognitive impairment group(n = 20)and cerebral small vessel disease with cognitive impairment group(n = 20),according to the results of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).(2)The results of multi-mode MRI examination and total burden score were performed.Montreal cognitive test(Montreal Cognitive Assessment,Mo CA)were measured.Meanwhile,the gait and balance were measured by Short Physical Performance Battery(Short Physical Performance Battery,SPPB),Timed Up and Go Test(TUG)and dual task gait(Dual-Task Gait,DTG),The above data were collected for statistical analysis.Results:(1)Baseline data analysis: gender,age,underlying diseases: there was no significant difference between the normal group,the group without cognitive impairment of cerebral small vessel disease and the group with cognitive impairment of cerebral small vessel disease(P>0.05),BMI: there was significant difference between the normal group and the non cognitive impairment group and the cognitive impairment group(P<0.05).(2)There were significant differences in Mo CA scores,SPPB scores,TUG measurement value and DTC percentage between the group without cognitive impairment of cerebral small vessel disease and the group with cognitive impairment of cerebral small vessel disease(P<0.005).(3)Distribution of CSVD total burden score: the distribution of CSVD total burden scores in two groups of cerebral small vessel disease was compared,(P<0.005),indicating that there was significant difference in the distribution of CSVD total burden score between two groups.The CSVD total burden scores of patients with cerebral small vessel disease with mild cognitive impairment was 3 and 4,while the CSVD total burden scores of patients with cerebral small vessel disease without cognitive impairment was 1 and 2.(4)CSVD total burden scores was correlated with Mo CA scores and gait measurement value(P<0.05): specifically,CSVD total burden scores was negatively correlated with Mo CA scores in patients with cerebral small vessel disease(r =-0.681,P<0.001).In patients with cognitive impairment of cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD total burden scores was negatively correlated with SPPB scores,and positively correlated with DTC and TUG measurement;in patients without cognitive impairment of cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD total burden scores was not correlated with gait(P>0.005).(5)According to the results of partial correlation analysis,in the case of controlling BMI,Mo CA score was significantly positively correlated with SPPB scores(r = 0.834,P<0.005),the difference was statistically significant;Mo CA scores was significantly negatively correlated with TUG measurement value and DTC percentage(r=-0.856,P<0.005;r =-0.831,P<0.005),the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion:(1)this study suggests that CSVD total burden scores have a certain correlation with cognitive impairment and gait;(2)This study suggests that there is a certain correlation between gait parameters and cognitive function,gait parameters may be used as a predictor of mild cognitive impairment.