A Study On Self-efficacy,coping Styles And Self-management Behaviors Related To Elderly Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of self-efficacy,coping styles and self-management behaviors in hospitalized elderly patients with type 2 diabetes;to analyze the influence of general information on their self-efficacy,coping styles and self-management behaviors;and to analyze the relationship between patients’ self-efficacy,coping styles and self-management behaviors.MethodsIn this study,186 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the endocrine department of a tertiary care hospital in Wuhan were selected as the study population from December 2019 to November2020,using convenience sampling method.The study instruments were: general information questionnaire,diabetes self-efficacy questionnaire(SED),medical coping questionnaire(MCMQ),and diabetes self-management questionnaire(DSCS).The Chinese version of SPSS 21.0 software was used to double check and enter the data.Statistical methods such as descriptive analysis,independent sample t-test,one-way analysis,Pearson correlation analysis,and multiple linear regression analysis were used to test and analyze the data.Results1.The total score of self-efficacy in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes was(46.09±12.86);the total score of coping style was(39.75±5.18),including the score of confrontation dimension(17.29±3.79),avoidance dimension(14.02±2.01)and submission dimension(8.44±3.42);the total score of self-management behavior was(77.26±14.65).The highest score was foot care(17.68±3.95)and the lowest score was blood glucose monitoring(8.46±3.55).2.education level,occupational status,monthly income,place of residence,medical payment status,disease duration and disease knowledge had an effect on self-efficacy of elderly diabetic patients,(P<0.05)proving that the difference was statistically significant.3.The differences in coping styles were statistically significant(P<0.01)across gender;the differences in avoidance coping styles were statistically significant(P<0.05)for degree of disease knowledge;and the differences in literacy,occupational status and monthly income were statistically significant(P<0.05)for yielding coping styles.4.The differences in education,occupational status,monthly income,place of residence,medical payment method,disease duration and disease knowledge on self-management behaviors were statistically significant(P < 0.05).5.Self-efficacy of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes showed a positive correlation with the confrontation coping form of coping(r=0.346,P<0.01)and a negative correlation with the submission coping form(r=-0.347,P<0.01);self-efficacy showed a positive correlation with self-management behavior(r=0.751,P<0.01);self-management behavior showed a positive(r=0.331,P<0.01),positive correlation with avoidance coping style(r=0.156,P<0.05),and negative correlation with submission coping style(r=-0.189,P<0.01).6.The regression analysis model showed that both self-efficacy and coping style were predictive of self-management behaviors in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes(P < 0.01).Conclusion1.elderly patients with type 2 diabetes have moderate self-efficacy;coping styles are mostly positive;and self-management behaviors are moderate to high.2.Self-efficacy,coping style,and self-management behavior of elderly type 2diabetic patients were influenced by general demographic information.3.The self-efficacy of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes was positively correlated with confrontation coping style and self-management behavior,and negatively correlated with avoidance coping style;self-management behavior was positively correlated with confrontation and avoidance coping style,and negatively correlated with submission coping style.4.Both self-efficacy and coping styles predicted self-management behaviors in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.