The Effect Of Computerized Cognitive Training On Cognitive Function Of Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment

Objective: To evaluate the effect of computerized cognitive training on cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment and its persistent effect after 12 weeks,and to analyze the mediating effect of computerized cognitive training on memory.Methods: In this study,The large nursing home in Shijiazhuang were selected by convenient sampling as the research base,and 60 older adults with mild cognitive impairment who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into intervention group(n = 30)and control group(n = 30)by using random number table.The control group received routine care,while the intervention group received computerized cognitive training for 12 weeks(3times/week,30 minutes/time)on the basis of the control group,mainly training memory,visuospatial,language,attention and executive function.The Mini-Mental State Examination,Montreal Cognitive Assessment,Auditory Verb Learning Test,Clock Drawing Test,Boston Naming Test,Digit Span Test and Trail Making Test were used to evaluate global cognitive function,memory,visuospatial,language,attention and executive function of the older adults at baseline,after intervention and follow-up(12weeks after intervention).The analysis of covariance,Mann-Whitney U test,paired sample t test and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used to analyze the effect of computerized cognitive training on cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment and its persistent effect after 12 weeks.Pearson correlation or Spearman correlation were used to analyze the interaction between various cognitive domains.Spearman correlation were used to analyze the correlation between cognitive training and attention,immediate recall,delay recall.The PROCESS of SPSS was used to analyze the mediating effect of attention and immediate recall between cognitive training and delay recall.Results: Sixty older adults with mild cognitive impairment participated our study,14 older adults dropped out during the intervention,and 46 older adults completed 12 weeks computerized cognitive training and 3 times cognitive function assessment.The specific results were as follows:1.Global cognitive functionThe score of Mini-Mental State Examination in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group after intervention and follow-up(P<0.01);Compared with baseline,the score of Mini-Mental State Examination in the intervention group increased after intervention(P<0.01),but decreased in the control group(P<0.01).The score of Montreal Cognitive Assessment in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group after intervention and follow-up(P<0.01);Compared with baseline,the score of Montreal Cognitive Assessment in the intervention group increased after intervention(P<0.01).2.MemoryThe score of immediate recall in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group after intervention(P<0.01);Compared with baseline,the score of immediate recall in the intervention group increased after intervention(P<0.01).The score of delay recall in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group after intervention and follow-up(P<0.01);Compared with baseline,the score of delay recall in the intervention group increased after intervention(P<0.01).Compared with baseline,the score of recognition in the intervention group increased after intervention(P<0.01).3.Visuospatial abilityThe score of Clock Drawing Test in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group after intervention and follow-up(P<0.05 or P<0.01);Compared with baseline,the score of Clock Drawing Test in the intervention group increased after intervention(P<0.05).4.Language functionThe score of Boston Naming Test in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group after intervention(P<0.05);Compared with baseline,the score of Boston Naming Test in the intervention group increased after intervention(P<0.05).5.AttentionThe score of Digit Span Test in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group after intervention and follow-up(P<0.01);Compared with baseline,the score of Digit Span Test in the intervention group increased after intervention(P<0.01).6.Executive functionCompared with after intervention,the score of Trail Making Test in the control group increased at follow-up(P<0.05).7.Immediate recall was highly correlated with attention(P<0.01),while delay recall was highly correlated with language function,recognition,immediate recall and attention(P<0.01).8.The direct predictive effect of cognitive training on delay recall was2.5547,and the indirect predictive effect on delay recall through multiple mediations of attention and immediate recall was 1.9298(2.0870 × 2.0429 ×0.4526).Conclusions:1.Computerized cognitive training can improve the cognitive function of older adults with mild cognitive impairment,and has a good persistent effect on the improvement of delay recall,visuospatial ability and attention.2.Computerized cognitive training could improve directly the delay recall of older adults with mild cognitive impairment,and improve indirectly the delay recall through the multiple mediations of attention and immediate recall.