Optical Coherence Tomography Comparison Of Choroidal Neovascularization Secondary To Multifocal Choroiditis And Other Causes

Objective: We aimed to use optical coherence tomography(OCT)to observe and compare the morphological characteristics of choroidal neovascularization(CNV)secondary to multifocal choroiditis(MFC),myopic choroidal neovascularization(m CNV),idiopathic choroidal neovascularization(ICNV)and to provide a basis for its clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods: In this retrospective case study,patients admitted to the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University hospital from January 2018 to January 2021 who were initially diagnosed with CNV secondary to MFC,m CNV,and ICNV were categorized into CNV secondary to MFC,m CNV,and ICNV groups respectively for retrospective analysis.Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)was used to describe and measure the morphological characteristics of CNV lesions in each group.Observe and compare the disrupted ellipsoid zone length,the height of all lesions,the diameter and height of CNV,the choroid thickness that under CNV,the thickness of the central macular retina,and the location of lesions.Record whether it had the characteristics of intraretinal cysts,subretinal fluid,subretinal hyperreflective exudation(SHE),blurred CNV boundary,the hyperreflective dots,the shadowing effect towards choroid,"pitchfork sign" and focal choroidal depression(FCE),and the integrity of each layer of the retina.Results:1.A total of 68 people(71 eyes)were included in this study,and all eyes were diagnosed with active type 2 CNV.There were 38 patients(41 eyes)in the CNV secondary to MFC group,including 6 men and 32 women,and the average age was(40±11.25)years and the median refractive error was-8D.A total of 19 patients(19 eyes)were included in the m CNV group,including 7men and 12 women,and the mean age was(42.68±11.97)years and the median refractive error was-9D.Another 11(16.2%)patients with 11 eyes were included in the ICNV group,including 4 males and 7 females with the mean age of(33.82±8.01)years.and the median refractive error was-3.5D.There was no statistically significant difference in age,gender,and refraction between MFC secondary CNV group and the m CNV group.The CNV secondary to MFC group had higher refraction than the ICNV group(P2 <0.05),but there was no statistical difference in gender and age between the two groups(P2 > 0.05).2.The OCT characteristics of CNV lesions in the CNV secondary to MFC group and the m CNV group were compared.The choroidal thickness and CNV diameter of the former group were greater than that of the latter group,and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P1<0.05).The number of eyes with sub-retinal fluids(SRF)or a “pitchfork sign” in the MFC group was greater than that in the m CNV group,and the difference was statistically significant(P1<0.05).3.There was only a statistically significant difference in refractive error between the CNV secondary to MFC group and the ICNV group(P2<0.001),and there was no statistical difference in the other observation indicators(P2>0.05).Conclusions:1.OCT biomarkers such as the diameter of the CNV,SRF,the “pitchfork sign”,and CT under CNV is useful in distinguishing CNV secondary to MFC from m CNV.2.There were no differences between the MFC group and ICNV group except for the refractive error,which indicated some ICNV cases may be in the early stage of chorioretinitis.