| Background:Oxycodone sustained-release tablets are commonly used opioid analgesics in the treatment of cancer pain.However,some people may experience nausea and vomiting in the early stage of medication,which reduces patient compliance and affects the treatment effect of cancer pain.In this paper,120 patients with moderate to severe cancer pain were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group.By observing the clinical data of the two groups,the preventive effects of metoclopramide tablets on nausea and vomiting caused by opioids were analyzed.Methods:In this paper,prospective observation methods were used to collect patients with malignant tumors who received oxycodone sustained-release tablets for pain relief for the first time.According to the digital score scale,it is divided into moderate pain(4-6 points)and severe pain(7-10 points).Use the random number table to generate random numbers and write them as cards.Specify odd numbers as the observation group and even numbers as the control group.Patients with moderate-to-severe pain were randomly selected from cards with numbers written on them,and the groups were determined according to whether the numbers were odd or even.Patients with moderate pain were given the initial dose of oxycodone sustained-release tablets 10 mg po q12 h as the background medication for analgesic treatment,and patients with severe pain were given the initial dose of oxycodone sustained-release tablets 20 mg po q12 h as the background medication analgesic treatment,and then based on the pain The control situation is titrated.When burst pain is greater than or equal to 3 times within 24 hours,or the score is still greater than or equal to 4 points after 24 hours,the analgesic drug is increased by 50%.In the previous 24 hours,20% of the morphine dosage was used to treat breakout pain.In this study,morphine injection was used to treat breakout pain.The ratio of oxycodone: morphine=2:3,morphine injection: morphine tablets=1:3 should be converted into etc.Amount of morphine injection.In the observation group,oxycodone sustained-release tablets were taken orally and metoclopramide tablets 10 mg po tid were given prophylactically.When nausea and vomiting reached the second degree,ondansetron tablets 8 mg antiemetic treatment was temporarily given once.The control group received oral oxycodone sustained-release tablets for analgesia without preventive medication until the level of nausea and vomiting reached II degree plus metoclopramide tablets 10 mg po tid for antiemetic treatment,and temporary administration of Ondan when the symptoms were not relieved.Setron tablets 8 mg antiemetic treatment.The observation time is 14 days.The differences in the incidence of adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting,lethargy,constipation,urinary retention,respiratory depression,pain scores,quality of life scores and the difference between blood routine and biochemical indicators before and after treatment.were compared between the two groups.Results: The incidence of nausea and vomiting on days 1,2,3,and 7 of the observation group was lower than that of the control(P<0.05),and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant.There was a statistically significant difference in the use of ondansetron between the two groups(13.30% vs 33.3%,P<0.05).The incidence of constipation in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(45.0% vs 65.0%,P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant.There was no significant difference in pain scores between the two groups on the 14 th day(P(29)0.05).The quality of life scores of patients in the observation group on day 1,2,3,and 14 were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant.There was no statistical difference in the incidence of other adverse reactions between the observation group and the control group.Comparing the baseline characteristics of the two groups of patients with or without OINV,it was found that gender,age,PS score and the incidence of OINV were not significantly correlated(p>0.05).Whether the tumor type and morphine equivalent received antiemetic prevention and OINV The incidence is related(p<0.05),among which non-digestive tract tumors and anti-emesis are negatively related to the incidence of OINV,and the dose of morphine is positively related to the occurrence of OINV.There were no significant differences in white blood cells,neutrophils,platelets,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,and creatinine between the observation group and the control group before and after treatment(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in hemoglobin and albumin in the observation group before and after treatment(P>0.05)The hemoglobin and plasma albumin of the control group after treatment were lower than before treatment,and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion:Preventive application of metoclopramide can effectively reduce the early incidence of oxycodone sustained-release tablets-related nausea and vomiting,reduce the incidence of constipation,do not affect the analgesic effect,do not aggravate other side effects,is safe and effective,no hematological toxicity and liver and kidney damage,thereby improving compliance with cancer pain treatment Improve the patient’s quality of life. |
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