The Correlation Analysis Between Serum IL-1β/S100B Protein And Cognitive Function In AD Patients

Background and purposeAlzheimer’s disease(AD)is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by progressive cognitive dysfunction and behavioral impairment.It’s typical pathological changes are neuroinflammatory spots formed by deposition ofβamyloid protein(Aβ)outside the nerve cells,accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins within the nerve cells to form neurofibrillary tangles(NFTs),neuronal,and glial hyperplasia.With the aging of our country,the number of sick people is increasing gradually,which brings great care burden and economic pressure to the family and society.At present,the clinical diagnosis of AD are mainly based on medical history,neuropsychological test and imaging examination,but the sensitivity and specificity of these methods are not high.As a result,the diagnostic rate of AD is low.When diagnosed,the disease is mostly advanced,and there is a lack of effective treatment.Therefore,the early diagnosis of AD is particularly important.But the early symptoms of AD are not typical,it is not easy to attract the attention of patients and their families.As a result,the disease is ignored and missed the best time to treat the disease.If there are biomarkers,we can screen and track the High-risk groups of the disease.Once the index changes,we can intervene in time,thus delaying the development of the disease.More and more studies have shown that biomarkers are important bases for early diagnosis and research of disease progress.There have been more reports of searching for potential biomarkers related to AD in cerebrospinal fluid(CSF).Because CSF need to be obtained by lumbar puncture,the patient compliance is poor.There have been many studies on AD blood markers in recent years,such as Aβpeptides,tau proteins,inflammatory related cytokines,advanced glycation end products,isomerism ratio in platelets,etc.However,the results still need to be further confirmed.There are few studies on the changes of inflammatory factor IL-1β and S100 B protein level,and the results are different.The correlation between them and cognitive dysfunction in AD patients is not clear.There is no study on the value of IL-1β and S100 B proteins in co-assisted diagnosis AD.This study explored the relationship between IL-1β and S100 B protein and cognitive dysfunction in AD patients and their value in auxiliary diagnostic AD,by measuring concentration changes of them in serum in AD patients’ serum.MethodChoose patients who come from the Geriatrics Department and the neurology department of the the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.The subjects included 58 cases of AD,65 cases of MCI and 70 cases of control group.The general data collected from the subjects included basic information such as age,sex,educational background,past history of disease and clinical data.We collected the venous blood when patients have an empty stomach in the morning,then we tested the biochemical markers in venous blood such as Apolipoprotein A,Apolipoprotein B,C-reactive protein,Total cholesterol,Triglyceride cholesterol,Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and Homocysteine.Moreover,the concentration of IL-1β and S100 B protein in serum was determined by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent Assay.All data are processed by SPSS 22.0 statistical software package and Med Calc software.Results(1)The MMSE score and Mo CA score of AD group were lower than those of MCI group and control group,The MMSE score and Mo CA score of MCI group was lower than that of control group.Both were statistically significant.(2)The education level of AD group was lower than that of MCI group and control group,but there was no significant difference between MCI group and control group.(3)The levels of serum IL-1β in AD group were significantly higher than those in MCI group and control group,But the level of serum IL-1β concentration in MCI group was not statistically significant compared with the control group.The serum concentration of IL-1β in AD group were negatively correlated with MMSE score and Mo CA score.(4)The levels of serum S100 B protein in AD group were significantly higher than those in MCI group and control group,But the level of serum S100 B protein concentration in MCI group was not statistically significant compared with the control group.The serum concentration of S100 B protein in AD group were negatively correlated with MMSE score and Mo CA score.(5)The results of ROC curve analysis showed that both serum IL-1β and S100 B protein have high diagnostic value for AD.(6)The combined diagnostic value of IL-1β and S100 B proteins is not better than that of IL-1β or S100 B proteins alone.Conclusions(1)AD patients have low level of education.(2)Serum IL-1β and S100 B protein could be used as indicators to assess the cognitive dysfunction in AD patients.(3)Serum IL-1β and S100 B protein may be as biomarkers for diagnosing AD.(4)The combined diagnostic value of IL-1β and S100 B proteins is not better than that of IL-1β or S100 B proteins alone.