The Relation Between Leisure Activities And Mild Cognitive Impairment In Elder Adults In Guangzhou: A Cross-sectional Study

Background: Mild cognitive impairment(MCI)is a state between normal aging and dementia.People with MCI are at high risk of dementia.In the context of global aging,there are more and more MCI patients.As of 2015,the prevalence of MCI in the elderly over 65 in China reached 20.8%.It is of great public health significance to provide timely and effective interventions for MCI patients.Purpose: Leisure activities,especially leisure sports activities and cognitive stimulation activities,have the effect of delaying the decline of cognitive function.Mahjong activity is a widely popular cognitive stimulation activity that requires a series of cognitive processing,such as attention,working memory,planning,and logical reasoning.Common leisure sports activities include walking,Tai Chi,and square dancing.The main purposes of this study are twofold:(1)To carry out an epidemiological survey of MCI in Guangzhou;(2)To explore the relationship between mahjong activities,leisure sports activities and MCI.Methods: Eight communities in Guangzhou were randomly selected,and elderly people aged 60 years and above were recruited as research subjects.Questionnaire surveys were conducted on them.The survey content included demographic variables,cognitive evaluation,elderly depression scale,daily activity questionnaire,etc.In addition,conduct investigations on Mahjong activities and leisure sports activities.Mahjong activities mainly examine the frequency and duration of mahjong activities,and leisure sports activities mainly examine the frequency and activity intensity of weekly leisure sports activities.Results: From December 2018 to December 2019,a total of 728 elderly people were recruited as research subjects,with a response rate of 92.86%.Their average age were70.91 years(SD = 8.68),of which 449 were women(66.42%).The main results are summarized as follows:(1)The prevalence of MCI is 27.66%;(2)Advanced age(70-79 years old OR = 1.96,95% CI: 1.26,3.07,P = 0.003;≥ 80 years old OR = 8.39,95 % CI:4.84,14.56,P <0.001),farmers(OR = 2.83,95% CI: 1.46,5.52,P = 0.003),depression(OR = 2.60,95% CI: 1.59,4.25,P <0.001)may It is a risk factor for MCI,high income level(30,000-80,000 yuan OR = 0.47,95% CI: 0.30,0.74,P = 0.001;> 80,000 yuan OR =0.38,95% CI: 0.19,0.76,P = 0.006),managers(OR = 0.24,95% CI: 0.12,0.46,P <0.001)and professional and technical personnel(OR = 0.36,95% CI: 0.18,0.72,P = 0.004)may be protective factors for MCI.(3)After adjusting for demographic variables,the regression results show that the difference between the experience of mahjong activities and leisure sports activities and the incidence of MCI is statistically significant.As the experience of mahjong activities increases,the prevalence of MCI decreases(OR = 0.47,95% CI: 0.30-0.73,P = 0.001),with the increase in leisure sports activities,the prevalence of MCI decreased(OR = 0.54,95% CI: 0.37-0.80,P = 0.012).Conclusion:(1)The prevalence of MCI in Guangzhou is 27.66%.MCI is related to age,annual income,occupation,and depression.(2)Sufficient leisure sports activities and longer experience of mahjong activities are related to the lower prevalence of MCI.This shows that mahjong activities and leisure sports activities have a positive impact on cognitive function.The results of this study suggest that the elderly can protect cognitive function through leisure activities,which provides new ideas for the prevention and intervention of MCI.