| Objective: To investigate the urinary iodine content of pregnant women with different gestational weeks in order to evaluate the iodine intake level of pregnant women in local population,and to explore the effect of iodine intake of pregnant women on thyroid function.A questionnaire survey was conducted to understand the main sources of iodine in the diet of local people,to evaluate the relationship between dietary frequency and iodine content,and to better guide and correct their diet.At the same time,the correlation between umbilical cord blood TSH and maternal iodine content and TSH was analyzed.Methods: The pregnant women who were examined in the outpatient clinic of the second Hospital of Jilin University from August 2021 to December2021 were randomly selected to investigate the iodine nutrition level of pregnant women in Jilin Province.Random urine samples were collected to determine the concentration of urinary iodine.Venous blood was collected to determine thyroid function in the same period.For the pregnant women who were hospitalized to give birth,the urine samples of the third trimester of pregnancy were collected to determine UIC,and the thyroid function was detected at the same time.The umbilical cord blood of newborns was collected to determine the serum high sensitivity thyrotropin.At the same time,the basic information and related dietary frequency of pregnant women were investigated by questionnaire.The data were analyzed by SPSS software.Results: A total of 228 pregnant women（74 in the first trimester,46 in the second trimester and 108 in the third trimester）and 49 umbilical cord blood TSH were collected.The average age of the participants was 30.1 ±4.5.There was no significant difference in maternal education level and body mass index（BMI）among different UIC groups.The total urinary iodine concentration was 202.9（111.9,329.7）ug/L,and the UIC in the first,second and third trimester of pregnancy was 166.7（82.9,258.9）ug/L,230.7（158.6,340.1）ug/L,230.5（130.7,385.7）ug/L.The urinary iodine concentration in early pregnancy was significantly lower than that in the second and third trimester of pregnancy.According to the iodine nutrition status,the iodine deficiency group（UIC < 150ug/L）accounted for 34.2%,the iodine suitable group（150 ≤ UIC < 249ug/L）accounted for 26.3%,the iodine exceeded the appropriate amount（250 ≤ UIC < 500ug/L）accounted for 27.2%,and the iodine excess group（UIC ≥ 500 ug / L）accounted for 12.3%.The cord blood TSH of newborns in different iodine nutrition groups were 7.84（6.16,10.66）;6.12（4.76,11.2）;6.56（4.35,9.52）;6.6（4.96,10.31）,respectively.There was no significant difference in cord blood TSH among different iodine nutrition groups（P>0.05）.There was no significant correlation between maternal urinary iodine value and TSH and neonatal cord blood TSH in the third trimester of pregnancy（P>0.05）.Different iodine groups had significant statistical significance in kelp and porphyra（P<0.05）.There was a significant correlation between high iodine content of kelp and porphyra and urinary iodine of pregnant women（P < 0.01）.Taking the frequency of once a week as the cut-off value,the proportion of participants lower than this frequency was counted,including porridge / soybean milk 32.7%,bean products 62%,processed meat 72%,eggs 27.3%,dairy products 30%,seafood 79.2%,Kelp 78%,Laver85.3%.Conclusion: The median of UIC can be used as a marker of iodine intake in pregnant women.The median of urinary iodine is 202.9ug/L,and the median of UIC in three periods of pregnancy is higher than the minimum limit of iodine intake required by WHO（150ug/L）.In this area,more than 1/3（34.2%）of pregnant women are at risk of iodine deficiency,only 26.3% are in the appropriate state of iodine,and 39.5% exceed the suitable state of iodine（those whose UIC exceeds 250ug/L or above）.The median urinary iodine concentration of pregnant women in early pregnancy was significantly lower than that in the middle and third trimester of pregnancy（P < 0.05）.Pregnant women in this area have a higher frequency of eating eggs and dairy products,and most of them can reach daily consumption,while the consumption frequency of porphyra,kelp and seafood with high iodine content is low.There was no significant correlation between maternal urinary iodine concentration and TSH in the third trimester of pregnancy and neonatal cord blood TSH（P > 0.05）,but the sample size still needs to be further discussed. |
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